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Subject Index -- 2005

 

       

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Contentl

Administrative Law

Agency

Agriculture

Appellate Procedure

Arbitration

Associations

Attorney Fees, Costs

Attorney Practice

Banking, Commercial Paper

Bankruptcy

Bench Judgments

Civil Procedure

Civil Rights

Commerce

Condemnation

Conservatorship

Constitutional Law

Consumer Protection

Contracts

Copyright

Corporations

Courts

Crime, Crim. Procedure

Developmentally Disabled

Discrimination

Elections

Employees

Environment

Evidence, Civil

Evidence, Criminal

Family Law

Federal Government

Indians

Insurance

Local Government

Mental Commitment

Minerals

Patents

Property

Railroads

Schools

Securities

Settlements

State Government

Torts

Trademarks

Trusts

University System

Utilities

Vehicles

Verdicts

Water

Workers' Compensation

 


Administrative Law

Exhaustion: (required of parallel agencies) Mountain Water Co. v. PSC, 4/9:1


Agency

Agent: (tortious interference defendant not ostensible agent of company) Bellanger v. American Music Co., 1/8:1


Agriculture

Cattle importation: (mad cow disease) R-CALF v. USDA, 7/30:6

Disaster relief: (county/state committees improperly calculated grass seed losses) Boucher v. FSA, 3/5:7


Appellate Procedure

Absconded defendant: (appeal will be dismissed if he fails to surrender) Sliwinski, 4/23:3

Appeal from justice court: (Defendant preserved only right to appeal JP's denial of motion to suppress, not entitled to trial de novo) Schulke, 4/9:2; (dismissed for failure to timely file brief) Frazier, 4/23:3; (extra time for State to file brief in appeal to District Court properly allowed) Allum, 6/18:2; (no trial de novo under 2003 legislation, but District Court may review ineffective assistance claim) Lehman, 7/30:3

Appealable order: (order denying entry of default judgment not appealable) Slice v. The Hartford Ins., 1/15:2; (appeal of order denying change of venue based on insurance policy venue language not interlocutory) The Doctors' Company v. Finney, 9/17:3; (denial of contempt for failure to pay VA disability as marital property appealable order) Lutes, 10/1:2; (after substantial waste of time, turns out that final judgment requirements not met) Kern v. Progressive Specialty Ins., 11/26:7

Review standard: (appeal of denial of lost appeal malpractice claim) Richards v. Knuchel, 7/23:1

Attorney fees: Hobbs Enterprises v. JGL Distributing, 1/8:2; Marriage of Collins, 1/8:3; (denied) Ioerger v. Reiner, 6/25:1

Certification: (certification order insufficient, appeal dismissed without prejudice) Filip v. Jordan, 9/24:4

Extension: (counsel admonished for ignoring rules & orders) Smerker, 7/2:3

Injunction: (denied during appeal of methane drilling decisions) Diamond Cross Properties v. State, 12/10:3

Interlocutory appeal: (no interlocutory appeal of Whelan's order permitting class action) Costello v. Beneficial Montana, 8/27:2

Issue raised first time in reply brief: (not addressed) State v. Dreidlein, 11/12:5

Issue raised first time on appeal: (new federal rule on Confrontation Clause) State v. Carter, 4/9:2; (remanded for analysis under correct version of driver's license suspension law (law in effect at time of accident) Sikorski v. Johnson, 5/21:2; (State may raise jurisdiction (failure to object to sentence) first time on appeal, although not condoned) State v. Osborne, 11/5:3

Jurisdiction: (question of voiding stipulation is ancillary to issue raised on appeal, may be decided by District Court pending appeal) Montgomery v. Financial Indemnity, 12/31:2

Mediation: (no provision for sanctions for refusal to participate in mediation, but may be time to consider providing for sanctions) Arnett v. Marina Cay Resort Villas, 2/12:1; (75-day mediation time applicable despite voluntary mediation) Morton v. Progressive Specialty Ins., 6/4:1

Mootness: (appeal of $500,000 verdict moot after sale of ranch and payment of judgment) Graveyard Ranch v. Bell, 7/16:1; (insurer's appeal of denial of motion to intervene in post-trial proceedings in $8,245,572 cement truck/car verdict denied as moot based on judicial declaration in bad-faith action that it had obtained relief it sought, and also because of pending Federal Court coverage litigation, released Defendant improperly in appeal) Martinez v. Polson Ready Mix, 12/17:3

New evidence: (remanded for consideration of 60(b)(2) new-evidence motion prior to consideration of appeal) Rosenthal v. Madison Co., 7/2:2

Notice of appeal: (notice of appeal must be filed in District Court file even if it requires physical transport back from JP Court, 14-day stay of eviction granted to allow compliance with rules, counsel admonished to read appellate rules) Lemire v. Stanley, 10/29:4

Over-length briefs: (allowed) Martinez v. Polson Ready Mix, 12/17:3

Record: (appellant must provide entire transcript because of failure to follow partial transcript procedures, sanctions) Promisco v. Bozeman Deaconess Health Services, 2/19:2; (motion to dismiss because of insufficient appeal record taken under advisement) Roosevelt Memorial Medical Center v. JP Stevens & Co., 4/2:1

Rehearing: (untimely petition) Wallace v. Hayes, 12/10:3

Sanctions: (denied) GRB Farm v. Christman Ranch, 3/19:1; (denied) Culbertson-Froid-Baineville Health Care Corp. (Roosevelt Memorial Medical Center) v. JP Stevens, 10/22:1; (denied) Stipe v. First Interstate Bank of Polson, 11/26:3; (denied) Parenting of KP, 12/10:4

Standard of review: (for summary judgment) Cole v. Valley Ice Garden, 4/9:1; 5/7:1

Stay: (stipulation not reason to stay asbestosis comp appeal) Paul v. Transportation Ins., 1/15:2; (grandparent visitation) Polasek, 7/16:2; (issue of whether 13 out of numerous loan claims must be submitted to arbitration is severable from merits of remaining issues, no stay pending appeal of a few claims in class action) Costello v. Beneficial Montana, 8/27:2

Supervisory control: (response ordered although no transcript of order) Williams Feed v. Tucker, 4/30:3; (denied in church sexual assault case) Passmore v. Swandal, 11/26:6

Time: (60-day rule not extended by 3-day mail time, no jurisdiction to hear appeal) Billings v. Dill, 6/4:4; (appeal improvidently filed prior to written judgment) Smerker, 7/2:3

Untimely appeal: Flesch v. McDonald's Reaturant, 9/24:1

Transcript: (appellant must provide entire transcript because of failure to follow partial transcript procedures, sanctions) Promisco v. Bozeman Deaconess Health Services, 2/19:2

Untimely brief: (excuse for late brief lame but appeal not dismissed) Promisco v. Bozeman Deaconess Health Services, 2/19:2


Arbitration

Construction contract: (Taco John franchisee fraudulently induced to sign local 24% cost-plus construction contract, but fault on both sides, equitable solution) Synergy Builders v. Big Talk, 9/24:6

Interests Purchase Agreement: (locomotive rebuild business, breach of agreement, failure to disclose modified sublease, no release, put/call offer not effective with conditions, no breach of duties by majority member to minority member) Talgo-LRC v. USA Northwest, 2/19:7

LLC misappropriation: (award involving livestock monitoring LLC properly confirmed under Wyoming law, motion to vacate timely, due process not violated by consideration of alleged lack of notice of counterclaims, punitives permissible under Wyoming law (first impression), $2.5 million damages for misappropriation of LLC property rights properly awarded against Plaintiff for default of award, transfer of LLC units properly awarded against Defendant for breach of order to pay Plaintiff $100,000 plus fees/costs) Wallace v. Hayes et al, 10/22:2

Summary judgment: Inman v. Lithia of Missoula, 5/14:5

Wrongful discharge: (auto dealership sales manager, accident while driving company vehicle) Inman v. Lithia of Missoula, 5/14:5


Associations

Bylaws: (alleged manipulations to disadvantage of minority shareholder) Peters v. Burk, 5/21:8


Attorney Fees, Costs

Amount: (fees properly reduced under ``reasonableness'' standard, ``actual'' costs improperly reduced) Gullett v. Van Dyke, 4/30:2; Crail Creek Associates v. Olson, 7/16:3; (expert testimony not required to establish reasonableness) Wage Claim of Ramsay, 12/17:2

Costs: (properly taxed for display services, deposition used for impeachment) Cunningham v. Sobba, 9/24:7; (Plaintiffs not given time to object to bills of costs) Sherner v. National Loss Control Services, 11/26:1; (Defendant entitled to costs as matter of course in action for recovery of money or damages) Rodgers v. MONY Life Ins., 11/26:2; (costs affidavit improperly signed by affiant's partner, award vacated) McDermott v. Horse Prairie Ranch, 11/26:3

CPA: (intermediate standard for awarding fees to prevailing CPA defendants adopted) Tripp v. Jeld-Wen, 5/14:1

EAJA: Boucher v. FSA, 3/5:8; (Indian trust fund litigation) Cobell v. Norton, 12/24:8

Prevailing party: Hobbs Enterprises v. JGL Distributing, 1/8:2

Private AG fees: American Cancer Society v. State, 1/1:3

Pro hac vice: (Seattle firm and Montana member rapped for using Montana member as ``local counsel'' bag carrier for pro hac vice member in disregard of local rules and order) Reichelt v. Cellco Partnership, 6/18:5

Swenson factors: Plath v. Schonrock, 3/5:4

Timeliness of request: Byers v. State Fund, 6/25:3


Attorney Practice

Attorney-client privilege: (``magic circle'' of third parties with whom information may be shared without waiver of privilege includes insurers in insurance defense situations, documents in claims file protected subject to challenge of individual documents) Dukes v. Fidelity Guaranty Ins., 2/5:6; (not waived by undetailed, conclusory, plaintiff-elicited reference to legal advice by corporate counsel, ``reliance on counsel'' exception, implied waiver not applicable) Powers v. Energy West, 3/19:3; (not violated when former director of close corporation who sues corporation is allowed to discover communications between corporate counsel and other directors which occurred during his tenure as director) Inter-Fluve v. Salvagni, 4/30:1

Counsel of record: (only individual lawyers, not entity employing them) Jane Doe v. Scott, 2/19:6

Legal malpractice: (plaintiff who failed to raise claims in arbitration process cannot establish negligence by lawyer in district court appeal) Paulson v. Harrison, 5/14:4; (local rule encouraging notice regarding pending matters not mandatory, probable outcome of lost appeal a question of law (first impression), lost divorce appeal would not have succeeded, malpractice claim properly dismissed) Richards v. Knuchel, 6/4:1; (appellate review standard) 7/23:1

Work product: (supervisory control of Swandal denied in denial of Prosecutor's notes sought by malicious prosecution claimant) Three Creeks Ranch v. Swandal, 8/20:2


Banking, Commercial Paper

Consumer Loan Act: (provides limited private right of action by implication, prohibits ``points'' on origination of real estate loans) Wombold v. Associates Financial Services of Montana, 1/1:2

Fraud: (waiver-of-interest document obtained by fraud, rescinded) Estate of Kindsfather, 3/5:2

Lending breach: (ranch loan claims rejected) McCoy v. First Citizens Bank, 5/14:5

Trust indenture: (improperly incorporated language from document recorded in another county, failed to preserve deficiency judgment entitlement) Funke v. Strong, 1/22:1


Bankruptcy

Adversary proceeding: (res judicata to usury counterclaims in state court note collection action) Olympic Coast Investments v. Wright, 1/22:1

Attorney fees: (disgorgement ordered for failure to explain differences between Chs. 7 and 13) Sharp, 11/5:5

Exemptions: (whether stock sold for end-of-life care is exempt as ``benefits,'' certified question) Archer, 6/4:2; (``militia forces'' gun exemption, certified question accepted) Maynard, 9/24:3


Bench Judgments

Auto: (UIM, left-turn auto, admitted negligence, severe ankle fracture) Parsons v. Shinkel, 3/26:5; (husband & wife rafting clients suffering brain and other traumatic physical & mental/emotional injuries in auto rollover, emotional distress of minor son observing injured parents, assignment of rights under CGL policy to Plaintiffs) Nielsen v. Hanna, 9/3:4

Debt collection: (default judgment, attempts to collect debt not owed) Bennett v. Bay Area Credit Service, 3/26:7

Fraudulent transfers: (marital) Jostes v. Davis, 4/23:4

FTCA: (BIA dam drowning, recreational use) Gervais v. US, 3/26:8

Legal malpractice: Waddell v. Estate of DiRe, 5/28:4

Lessor of ``$250,000'' wrecked truck: (not entitled to anything beyond $114,500 insurance payment and 3 months lost rental) Performance Machinery v. Yellowstone Mountain Club, 3/5:5

Radio station defects: STARadio v. Commonwealth Communications, 4/9:6; 4/16:7

Truck scale construction contract: Rockwell Scales Service v. Frank, 8/13:4

Wage claim: (State Fund exempt v. nonexempt employees) Byers v. State Fund, 6/25:3

Wrongful discharge: Body shop manager fired for good cause for ``piece of shit'' comment to customer that resulted in reduced price of car with sticking doors, Sterrett v. Tilleman Motor, 1/22:2;


Civil Procedure

Amendment: (amendment to challenge bidding statute constitutionality for lack of remedy for alleged damages would have been futile due to failure to administratively preserve tort claims) Reier Broadcasting v. MSU-Bozeman, 10/1:2

Choice of law: (WDA claim treated as tort claim... ``most significant relationship'' factors favor Montana law for employee hired in Montana by Montana-based corporation, transferred to Idaho, summoned to Montana to be discharged) Lean v. One Call Locators, 7/16:5; (ND actual place of performance of policies, Plaintiffs not entitled to UIM under ND law) Kilmer v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins., 8/6:4

Class action: (``commenced'' for purposes of CAFA when original complaint filed in state court, not when removed to Federal Court, properly remanded, not necessary to decide whether 28 USC 1454(c)(1) requirement that appeal must be ``not less than 7 days after entry of the order'' contains typo since appeal filed 7th day following remand order) Bush v. Cheaptickets, 10/15:2

Contribution: (Defendant's third-party claim for contribution against Plaintiffs' lawyer nonjusticiable) Dennis v. Brown, 4/9:1

Damages: (rebuttal expert as to hedonic damages testimony improperly precluded, punitives issues) Dorn v. BNSF, 2/12:4; (course of life damages improperly awarded in survivor action, household services damages properly awarded albeit incorrectly in survivor part of verdict form, $500,000 improperly awarded to non-PR father in wrongful death claim, parents may be awarded consortium damages for death or injury of adult child in certain circumstances, no such circumstances here, $300,000 award vacated, $450,000 to PR for grief/ sorrow/mental anguish affirmed) Hern v. Safeco Ins., 12/3:1

Declaratory judgment: (proper when final decision on liability entered in underlying action and declaratory judgment not subject to amendment) American Stores v. Commercial Union Ins., 5/7:3

Default judgment: (not set aside) Peak Development v. Juntunen, 4/2:1; (judgment, not set aside, relocation of law office and personal problems of assistant not good cause... neglect of counsel charged to client) Matthews v. Don K Chevrolet, 7/2:1

Discovery: (adjuster's interview summaries discoverable over objection that they were not reduced to writing and were in anticipation of litigation, adjuster may be deposed as to spoliation) China Buffet of Billings v. Gustafson, 1/15:1; (sanctions against Defendant and counsel for failure to produce insurance policies) Jane Doe v. Scott, 2/19:5; (attorney fees granted for first motion to compel, denied for second, new local rule requires certification of cooperation attempt) Sherrill v. Progressive Northwest Ins., 3/12:2; (Defendant must respond to financial interrogatories in light of potential punitives) TEF v. Dasen, 3/19:3; (Defendant waived untimely privilege log, standard enunciated) BNSF v. District of Montana Court, 4/2:5; 6/4:5; (untimely disclosure of railroad's shock/vibration expert's underlying data stricken as mandatory sanction, safety expert's testimony limited to timely disclosed conclusions/data, gamemanship by both sides rapped) Olson v. MRL, 5/14:6; (good cause for 2nd deposition after designee for 2 of 8 topics changed mid-stream) Jane Doe v. Scott, 6/25:5; (deadlines extended due to Court's failure to send scheduling order to Defendant, counsel should inquire if it appears Court has not followed through on such things) McCluskey v. Allstate Ins., 8/6:5; (suit properly dismissed for discovery abuses) Xin Xu v. McLaughlin Research Institute for Biomedical Science, 8/27:2; (motions to compel identities of other boring machine owners properly denied) Thiel's Welding v. Vermeer Sales & Service Montana, 9/3:2; (sanctions properly imposed, Smith requirement of consistency between consequences explicitly warned of and sanctions actually imposed applicable only where consequences explicitly warned of, not necessary for judge to warn since discovery rules already warn, Defendant failed to provide transcript for ascertaining basis for award of $143,713 for new hospital roof) Culbertson-Froid-Baineville Health Care Corp. (Roosevelt Memorial Medical Center) v. JP Stevens, 10/22:1

Dismissal: (motion to dismiss improperly transformed to one for summary judgment) Stokes v. DOT, 2/26:2

Execution: (state court writ, partial seizure, and judgment lien related to federal court $1,357,249 ERISA judgment valid) Raines v. Donaldson Bros. Ready Mix, 2/5:5

Failure to prosecute: (no abuse of discretion in dismissing legal malpractice claim) Hauschulz v. Michael Law Firm, 8/6:1

Injunction: (sufficient evidence to deny preliminary injunction, but additional access issues improperly resolved without trial) Yockey et al v. Kearns Properties et al, 2/19:1; (deposit ordered pending resolution of suit by court services company against competing former employees) Mountain Peaks Inc. v. Pohle, 12/10:5

Instructions: (on unpled negligent misrepresentation properly given) Tripp v. Jeld-Wen, 5/14:1

Interest: (clarifying rule adopted for interest when money judgment modified or reversed on appeal, applied to train/hy-rail death case where $484,898 judgment on 50/50 verdict restored to full $969,797) Woods v. BNSF, 1/1:2; (prejudgment) Crail Creek Associates v. Olson, 7/16:3; (prejudgment interest properly awarded because Defendant had information to calculate amount certain even if Plaintiff did not) Wage Claim of Ramsay, 12/17:2

Intervention: (of right, attorney fee dispute) Dias v. Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies, 5/28:1

Joinder: (LLC member not served separate from LLC, no postjudgment joinder for fraudulent transfer execution) Ioerger v. Reiner, 6/25:1; (time-barred, party not on notice of action) Dana v. Woodard, 7/9:3

Judgment enforcement: (summary judgment denied on claims against non-party alleged alter ego in suit to collect $1,355,000 verdict against nursery transplanting machine manufacturer) State Nursery & Seed v. Bouldin Corp., 10/8:5

Jury: (deliberation on punitives following compensatory verdict properly precluded following dismissal of juror and Defendant's refusal to agree to punitives jury of 11) Winslow v. MRL, 9/10:1; (Judge concluded that jury computed damage amount rather than Court as instructed, allowed jury's ``net'' to stand) McDermott v. J&S Development, 9/17:6

Law of the case: (from prior appeal) Winslow v. MRL, 9/10:1

Litigation bar: (Plaintiff improperly barred for life from any new litigation without approval) Cox v. Rocky Mountain Bank of Plains, 1/15:1

Mistrial: (granted for FELA Defense counsel's violation of pretrial evidentiary rulings precluding vibration testing, monetary sanctions proposed) Olson v. MRL, 7/2:4

Motion: (application by motion, not ``request,'' brief should be filed separately from motion) Jane Doe v. Scott, 2/19:6

Punitives review: Murphy Homes v. Muller, 3/19:4; Seltzer v. Morton, 5/28:2; Balich v. Metropolitan Property & Casualty Ins., 7/2:5

Relation back: Dana v. Woodard, 7/9:3

Res ipsa: (medical malpractice) Cunningham v. Sobba, 9/24:7

Res judicata: (bankruptcy adversary proceeding res judicata to usury counterclaims in state court note collection action) Olympic Coast Investments v. Wright, 1/22:1; (bars claims relating to gas well payments) Sandtana v. Klabzuba Oil & Gas, 5/21:5; Xin Xu v. McLaughlin Research Institute for Biomedical Science, 8/27:2

Retroactivity: (clarified rule adopted) Dempsey v. Allstate Ins., 1/1:1

Rule 35 exam: (good cause for 2nd (joint) IME) Minister v. GEICO, 3/12:5

Rule 59: (motion untimely) Marriage of Schoenthal, 2/19:2

Rule 60(a): (clerical errors not properly considered) Marriage of Schoenthal, 2/19:2

Rule 60(b)(6): (lawyer's miscalculation of filing time not proper for relief) Marriage of Schoenthal, 2/19:2

Sanctions: (discovery sanctions denied) Winslow v. MRL, 9/10:1; (Plaintiffs waived by stipulation their right to hearing on fee award, Rule 11 sanctions properly imposed) Stipe v. First Interstate Bank of Polson, 11/26:3

Satisfaction of judgment: (partial satisfaction should have been ordered) Gullett v. Van Dyke, 4/30:2

Settlement enforcement: (stipulated dismissal order must be set aside pursuant to agreement that application & affidavit mandate set-aside) K2 America v. Dynatec Energy, 10/8:4

Severance: (issue of whether 13 out of numerous loan claims must be submitted to arbitration is severable from merits of remaining issues, no stay pending appeal of a few claims in class action) Costello v. Beneficial Montana, 8/27:2

Statute of limitations: (claim for failure to pay disability COLA benefits time-barred) Rodgers v. MONY Life Ins., 11/26:2

Summary judgment: (moving party in probate dispute not afforded notice & opportunity to be heard before summary judgment granted to nonmoving party) Estate of Marson, 9/24:3; (summary judgment in Indian employment contract dispute again improperly entered on remand, no summary judgment by default, fact issues as to contract termination language) Bradley v. Crow Tribe of Indians, 12/17:2

Supplementation: (post-trial stipulated supplementation denied) Public Lands Access Association v. Jones, 1/8:1

Sworn complaint: (not required in municipal court) Allum, 6/18:2

Untimely brief: (motion to redetermine award properly deemed denied due to untimely brief) Boston v. Bitterroot International Systems, 9/3:2

Withdrawal of counsel: (Defendant not required to notify Plaintiffs of withdrawal of their counsel until counsel filed written notice) Flesch v. McDonald's Restaurant, 9/24:1


Civil Rights

§1983: (locker room videotaping claims dismissed as to parents' derivative claims and because of failure to show deliberate indifference, state claims dismissed without prejudice) Harry A. v. Powell Co. School Dist., 1/22:2; (property right by self-government municipal department heads in continued employment, Chief Executive aware of law at time, not entitled to §1983 immunity) Johnston v. Babb, 10/22:7


Commerce

Sale v. rent: (sufficient evidence that boring machine not ``sold'' to Plaintiff) Thiel's Welding v. Vermeer Sales & Service Montana, 9/3:2


Condemnation

Pipeline: (relocation to avoid PCB approved) Yellowstone Pipe Line v. Sebena, 2/5:2


Conservatorship

Fiduciary duties: (conservator did not breach fiduciary duties, but farm lease with contrived offset for unused irrigation system should be audited to avoid appearance of impropriety) Saylor, 9/24:2

Standing to petition: (attorney for adverse party in related case has standing to petition for conservatorship following $800,000+ estate dissipation by lawyer, nephew) Kloss, 2/26:1


Constitutional Law

CJIA/privacy: (§1983/1985, other claims by fired airport security officer rejected) Barr v. Great Falls International Airport Authority, 2/26:2

Establishment Clause: (does not preclude court consideration of church board composition, presidency powers in relation to church property) The Second International Baha'i Council v. Chase, 2/19:1


Consumer Protection

Trebling: Plath v. Schonrock, 3/5:4


Contracts

Fiber optic: (summary judgment for Plaintiff on breach of contract, constructive fraud, negligent misrepresentation by power company as to fiber exclusivity) American Capital Group v. Flathead Electric Cooperative, 8/13:3

Option: (consent to assign not waived, breach in assigning option not material as to warrant forfeiture, antiforfeiture statute properly applied) Hobbs Enterprises v. JGL Distributing, 1/8:2; (farm lease negotiation clause merely agreement to agree, vague & unenforceable) GRB Farm v. Christman Ranch, 3/19:1

Optometrist: (claims by optometrist against termination of prepaid services plan due to alleged conflict with optical franchise properly rejected on summary judgment) Hardy v. Vision Service Plan, 9/24:1


Copyright

Rangelands monitoring: (summary judgment on rangelands monitoring/management counterclaims precluded by fact issues as to statute of limitations accrual/tolling, laches, intentional/willful conduct, intent to resume use of mark) Rangehands v. Land EKG, 1/8:7


Corporations

Dissolution: (reinstated church corporation able to ratify gift of land received during involuntary dissolution, donors had donative intent, estopped by ``corporation by estoppel'' from questioning corporate status, church has standing to sue asphalt dumpers) Valley Victory Church v. Sandon Gravel & Excavating, 3/26:2


Courts

Bias: Marriage of Epperson, 3/5:3

Conflicting decisions: (between successor judges on Medical Examiners negligent credentialing immunity) Nelson v. Rice, 7/30:1

Fraud on court: (alleged false testimony in divorce proceeding that husband did not own real estate would constitute perjury/intrinsic fraud, not extrinsic fraud) Castonguay v. Estate of Polson, 10/29:4

Judicial disqualification: (supervisory control denied) Stevens, 4/23:3

Jurisdiction: (no jurisdiction over Mississippi insurer, Montana accident, part-time Montana residents) Carter v. Mississippi Farm Bureau Casualty Ins., 3/26:1; (district court has concurrent jurisdiction with justice court over both misdemeanor and felony partner assault charges) State v. Brockway, 7/23:4; (no personal jurisdiction to enter default judgment due to lack of proper service, jurisdiction not invoked by appearance to challenge jurisdiction, deemed denial of motion to set aside inconsequential) Semenza v. Kniss, 10/29:3

Justice court: (challenge of default judgment for lack of notice untimely, but Defendant may collaterally attack lack of personal jurisdiction) CBM Collections v. Ferreira, 7/9:1

Small claims court: (court reporter not prohibited from transcribing audio tape, although not required by rule, tape accepted as record for this appeal) Cox v. Soto, 1/22:2

Trial length: (claim of ``surprise'' trial shortening denied) Raines v. Donaldson Bros. Ready Mix, 4/9:4

Venue: (of wrongful death/survivorship action against MPC and Helena properly in Butte) Meyer v. MPC (Northwestern Energy, 3/26:1; (change to Missoula from Yellowstone proper for combined suits by franchisees against Missoula franchisor) DMI v. Junga Juice of Montana, 8/27:2; (suit involving 4 ISP contracts valid in Gallatin Co. where one of client's stores located, not just because of Internet routing through Bozeman, Butte Defendant's motion to change venue to Silver Bow denied) Global Net v. Town Pump, 9/10:5; (county of defunct corporation proper venue for multi-defendants tort action) Allen v. ARCO, 11/12:1; (suit against LLP may be commenced in any county in which any general or limited partner resides) Maupin v. Meadow Park Manor, 12/10:2


Crime, Criminal Procedure

Aggravated assault: (juror misconduct not established by failure to disclose assault by Defendant's brother, jury query properly answered by reference to instructions, photos of victim properly admitted, charging documents not required to state that Defendant may have been acting in self-defense, sufficient evidence of knowingly/purposely, prosecutorial misconduct claim not preserved, PSI report of prior police contacts properly considered, placement properly required outside of Butte-Silver Bow area) Dunfee, 6/11:3

Aggravated kidnap: (jury should have been instructed on unlawful restraint as lesser-included) Meyer, 9/17:5

Arson: (fireman properly allowed in this case to testify as lay witness to pour patterns) Henderson, 12/31:3

Assault on officer: (assault with weapon not lesser-included, no error in avoiding double jeopardy by charging strategy) Matt, 2/5:4; (due process arguments relating to officer victims/witnesses not preserved, jail video of confrontation properly admitted, resisting arrest not lesser-included when offenses occurred after arrest) Pittman, 3/26:4; Grixti, 12/3:4

Assault with weapon: Toulouse, 7/9:1; Kearney, 7/16:3; (inflammatory language on truck/clothes properly admitted to show strained relationship and fear) Cesnik, 10/22:4

Attorney conflict: (no actual conflict in joint representation of drug defendants) Wells, 1/29:3

Accomplice testimony: (corroboration) Burkhart, 1/1:6 

Bail: ($100,000 for indigent rape defendant not unreasonable, habeas denied) Burckhard, 6/4:4

Brady: (routine erasure of bank video) Allum, 6/18:2

Brief length: (Defendants' motion in complex environmental case for standing order suspending LR CR12.1(b) denied, brevity encouraged) W.R. Grace, 8/6:5

Burglary: Honey, 5/7:2; (investigative stop supported by particularized suspicion) Chambers, 8/13:2Clark, 12/31:3

Confession: (voluntary) Honey, 5/7:2; (murder confession in voluntary boot camp not ``classic penalty'' coercion) Woods, 8/6:2

Continuance: (to obtain ill witness, properly denied upon failure to assure availability) Toulouse, 7/9:1

Counsel: (not denied) Honey, 5/7:2

Criminal endangerment: (holding child during armed confrontation with officers) Weigand, 8/20:4; Henderson, 12/31:3

Death penalty: (right to execution) Dawson, 8/6:3

Deferred prosecution: (jail time properly imposed pursuant to agreement for fish/game violations) Dreidlein, 11/12:5

Deliberate homicide: McGarvey, 12/10:4

Double jeopardy: (attempt to charge 3 protective order violations after dismissal of single charge after jury sworn barred by double jeopardy) Lynch, 7/23:4

Costs: (of appointed attorney improperly imposed without considering ability to pay) Rudolph, 2/26:4; (witness fees improperly assessed beyond limit) Parrish, 5/14:3

Double jeopardy: (not violated by refusal to dismiss following mistrial) Mallak, 3/19:1; (persistent offender enhancement based on underlying offense and failure to register not double jeopardy) Wardell, 10/22:3

Drugs: (sufficient evidence of operating meth lab, possession of drugs, sentence properly enhanced for proximity to other residences) Chase, 1/15:3; (possession is lesser-included of manufacturing, conviction of both barred by double jeopardy, state law arguments raised first time on appeal reviewed under ineffective assistance claim, first-time manufacturing accountability subject to 10 years, not 6 months) Becker, 4/2:2; Long, 6/4:4; (drugs in blood/urine only circumstantial evidence of prior possession, requires corroborating evidence of voluntary possession, meth in urine corroborated by admission, opiates/marijuana not corroborated, admission of meth use in revocation proceeding in exchange for recommendation of treatment not coerced, properly admitted at subsequent trial) RH, 7/23:3; (proper custody chain of baggies shipped by UPS) Bowser, 11/12:3

DUI: (5th-offense properly charged based on prior California DUIs, WATCh must be completed during prison term) Polaski, 2/5:4; (Defendant's uncontradicted testimony sufficient for finding lack of grounds for arrest, license reinstated) Eustance, 2/26:3; (``erratic driving'' reason for stopping, adequate description of training) Clark, 3/26:4; (Intoxilizer certification reports nontestimonial evidence per new federal rule, authors not required to be present at trial under Confrontation Clause) Carter, 4/9:2; (particularized suspicion based on erratic driving sufficient without citation to specific statutory violation, Defendant preserved only right to appeal JP's denial of motion to suppress, not entitled to trial de novo, hearing on motion to suppress not necessary) Schulke, 4/9:2; (chain of observations & events from informant to stop of 2nd vehicle with passenger who had been driver of DUI vehicle) Labuda, 4/9:3; (investigation at scene and hospital did not constitute investigative stop that would trigger advisory, no improper deviation from HGN interval requirement, consent given for blood test) Zakovi, 4/16:2; (particularized suspicion based on vehicle parked in closed city park and subsequent observations including open containers, even though no intent to issue citations for violation of city ordinances) Todd, 5/14:3; (Defendant properly observed during breath test and did not ingest anything during 15 minutes before) Flaherty, 5/21:4; (Lane oral/written sentence challenge rejected) Wiedrich, 5/21:4; (jury properly instructed on ``actual physical control'' by sleeping suspect, refusal to submit to field tests) Hudson, 6/11:3; (bar parking lot a ``way of the state open to the public'') Hayes, 6/18:3; (particularized suspicion to stop based on erratic driving despite erroneous Municipal Court finding of illegal U-turn) Trombley, 7/16:3; (State established Alco-Sensor PBT reliability sufficiently in showing that BAC exceeded legal limit, spontaneous statements prior to investigative stop advisories properly admitted, felony DUI still subject to persistent offender after amendment allowing treatment as alternative to prison) Damon, 9/10:3; (particularized suspicion to stop based on citizen informant's 911 call) Myhre, 11/12:3; (check of car parked on interchange in 0 weather proper under community caretaker doctrine, properly ripened into DUI investigative stop) Seaman, 12/17:4; (intent to offer mental illness as alternative explanation for driving off road by Defendant who had bullet wound not made clear to Court, mooted by witness's ``no'' to query purportedly intending to lead to mental illness theory) Sheehan, 12/24:4; (evidence of ``malfunctioning'' speedometer properly excluded where State did not try to prove diminished ability to drive based on speed) Spencer, 12/31:4

Entrapment: (officers merely afforded Defendant DUI opportunity) Reynolds, 1/1:8; (challenge of vehicle forfeiture waived in plea agreement) Herman, 4/30:4

Felony-murder: (assault with weapon encompassed under felony-murder statute, not unconstitutionally applied to abridge due process including mens rea) Burkhart, 1/1:6

Homicide solicitation: (renunciation defense properly denied) Lynch, 12/31:4

Hunting/fishing: (privileges properly suspended) Ruiz, 5/14:4

Ineffective assistance: (claims by baby homicide defendant rejected) Elliott, 2/5:4; (claims rejected) Clausell, 2/19:2; (defense counsel's allegation of perjury, failure to object to questioning about truthfulness of police, cannot be resolved on direct appeal) Webster, 3/5:4; (ineffective assistance in failing to take notice of questionnaire disclosure that panelist was mother of Prosecutor's paralegal) Lamere, 5/14:2; Batson challenge waived by untimely assertion) Parrish, 5/14:3; (decision not to investigate potential witnesses reasonable, no indication they would have changed outcome, good reason not to open door to maggot time-of-death testimony) Weaver, 7/2:2; (calling ER doctor in assault case) Kearney, 7/16:3; (no ineffective assistance to failing to appeal juror selection error based on 1996 law, Judge's failure to consult parties before answering jury queries should have been raised on direct appeal but failure to raise it not ineffective assistance under 1995 law) Woods, 8/6:2; (claims by check forgery defendant denied) Garrett, 8/20:3; (claim of ineffective assistance for not objecting to search warrant more appropriate for postconviction) Bowser, 11/12:3; (claim more appropriate for postconviction) Novak, 12/3:3

Jury: (juror who could not follow laws with which he disagreed properly removed for cause) Burkhart, 1/1:6; (panelist improperly removed without exam, but error harmless because of substantial compliance, no prejudice) Bearchild, 1/1:7; (ineffective assistance in failing to take notice of questionnaire disclosure that panelist was mother of Prosecutor's paralegal) Lamere, 5/14:2; (Defendant not prejudiced by not being present while Judge addressed juror concerns) Riggs, 5/21:3; (untested drug bindle properly allowed into jury room) Long, 6/4:4; (misconduct not established by failure to disclose assault by Defendant's brother, jury query properly answered by reference to instructions) Dunfee, 6/11:3; (prospective juror indicated ability to be fair and follow law despite moral repugnance toward anal sex between men) Marble, 8/27:3

Kidnap: (aggravated) Toulouse, 7/9:1

Mandamus: (Judge allowed to respond to request for mandamus to require ordered relief) McClanahan, 2/26:5

Negligent homicide: (victim's alleged violent history irrelevant to justifiable force) Montgomery, 5/21:3

New trial: (law relating to motions for new trial based on new evidence clarified, remanded for reconsideration of new trial motion based on recantation) Clark, 12/31:2

Obstruction of officer: (attempted, neighbor's warning call about SWAT) Baker, 1/8:5

Other crimes: (theft defendant invited reference to PO, waived right to appeal alleged error) Smith, 2/5:3; (inadvertent statement properly cured by instruction) Long, 6/4:4

Partner/family member assault: (District Court has concurrent jurisdiction with Justice Court over both misdemeanor and felony charges) Brockway, 7/23:4; (references to prior assaults not cause for mistrial) Hofeldt, 7/30:4; Grixti, 12/3:4; (Defendant waived claim of infirmities in prior convictions when he pled guilty to 3rd-offense PFMA, postconviction claim also barred by failure to appeal sentence, claim nonjurisdictional under Pena) Slavin, 12/17:5

Plea withdrawal: (heightened federal standard for voluntariness adopted, risk of sex offender treatment as part of sex-related burglary guilty plea, Zoloft, not reasons for withdrawal) Lone Elk, 3/19:2; (doubt whether Defendant understood that sexual assault lesser-included of sexual assault with bodily injury only a misdemeanor, should be allowed to withdraw guilty plea) Rave, 4/9:2; (avoidance of 3 life sentences adequate consideration for plea bargain in which Defendant waived right to appeal, counsel not ineffective in advising agreement) Lout, 4/23:3; (voluntariness standard clarified, failure to specifically inquire as to satisfaction with counsel not cause for withdrawal) Warclub, 7/16:2; (Defendant fully advised of rights at plea appearance, not induced/coerced by Clerk's comment although court officers should not give legal advice/opinions, informed of federal firearms consequence of PFMA conviction although judges not required to inform of collateral consequences, not rendered unfit by medication) Duffy, 9/24:4; Muhammad, 10/1:4; (denied) Favi, 12/3:4

Postconviction relief: (petition challenging prison sentence of youth untimely) Camarillo, 2/26:4; (untimely) Daniels, 6/4:5; (petition alleging ineffective assistance properly denied without evidentiary hearing) Ford, 6/25:2; (judge's failure to consult parties before answering jury queries should have been raised on direct appeal but failure to raise it not ineffective assistance under 1995 law) Woods, 8/6:2; (legality of felony DUI sentence could have been raised on appeal, barred in postconviction proceeding) Osborne, 11/5:3, 12/17:5; (postconviction challenge of 1986 weapon enhancement sentence untimely in DUI persistent offender challenge) Bingman, 11/5:3; (claims by Defendant who attempted to kill lover's wife denied) Ice, 11/26:7; (claim barred by failure to appeal sentence) Slavin, 12/17:5

Prisoners: (freedom of religion not denied by denial of ``religious meals'') Cape v. CCC, 4/16:3

Pro se: (Judge not obligated to accept pro se motions from adequately represented defendants, but having authorized the motion, should have considered all SVORA issues raised) Samples, 9/10:5

Prosecutorial discretion: (2-lb marijuana prosecution of pre-med student who cooperated on assurance of no federal prosecution makes no sense under fundamental fairness/detrimental reliance test, but not ``inherently unfair'' as to warrant dismissal) Elliott, 1/29:5; (in dropping misdemeanors) Cameron, 2/19:3

Prosecutorial misconduct: (claims rejected) Clausell, 2/19:2; (mistrial based on improper comments in closing properly denied) Novak, 12/3:3

Protective order violation: Kuipers, 6/25:2

Publicity: Pittman, 3/26:4; (Victim Witness Specialist's statements at Justice For All Act meeting not violative of rules and order governing public statements, counsel counseled against trying case in press) US v. W.R. Grace, 12/10:7

Rape: (life without parole for 2nd offense not violative of due process, cruel punishment, mandatory exception inapplicable) Webb, 2/5:3; Marble, 8/27:3; (sufficient evidence based on woman's testimony that she was asleep during sex over Defendant's testimony that she participated) Shields, 10/22:3

Recantation: Clark, 12/31:2

Redirect: (properly reopened) Long, 6/4:4

Resisting arrest: Grixti, 12/3:4

Res judicata: (improperly based on pending case) Brown, 3/26:5

Restitution: (properly imposed on prison/parole earnings) Shreves, 2/5:4; (2003 amendment providing for PO responsibility for restitution schedule properly applied to prior theft, 10% administration fee/surcharges properly assessed) Denham, 2/19:4; (restitution including joint & several properly imposed under 2003 amendments) Workman, 2/19:4; (improperly imposed without suspension) Honey, 5/7:2; (properly imposed without jury having found amount) Field, 7/30:3; (improperly imposed without documentation of victim's loss under 2001 statute) Hirt, 11/26:7

Revocation: (single violation sufficient for revocation, no need to consider remoteness of others, new conditions improperly imposed) Rudolph, 2/26:4; (reimposed sentence to MSP not same or lesser than DOC commitment under 1995 law) Tracy, 6/11:3

Robbery: (circumstantial identity evidence properly went to jury, no plain error review of claimed error as to charge) Hill, 9/17:6

Sealed documents: (motion to file sentencing memorandum under seal fails to comply with Local Rules, cooperation with authorities insufficient reason to seal) US v. Brown, 12/17:6

Search & seizure: (probable cause to search garage for meth lab, but not house) Graham, 1/1:7; (no-knock entry into meth house pursuant to warrant violated constitutional rights, magistrate must pre-approve no-knock entry) Anyan, 1/8:4; (mother had authority to consent to police breaking down door of ``trespasser'' son's bedroom) Gilmore, 1/15:2; (``knock & talk'' search of motel room including container in purse exceeded permission to look for artwork from art store thefts) Whitehorn, 1/29:4; (warrant indicated pickup and house but only authorized pickup, no good-faith exception, drug evidence from house suppressed) Robinson, 3/12:5; (postal inspector had reasonable suspicion to detain package, subject it to dog sniff, search warrant entry properly made under futility exception to ``knock & announce'' rule) Ochadeleus, 4/16:3; (driver stopped for speeding found to have consented to search of car) Shaw, 6/11:4; (unknown pills, later determined to be illegal, properly seized in contraband search) Wetzel, 6/18:1; (``trash dive'' of suspected meth lab operator not violative of privacy expectations, restraints imposed on garbage can searches) State v. A Blue in Color 1993 Chevrolet Pickup, 7/23:2; (marijuana odor and admission that someone had recently smoked in truck sufficient for warrantless seizure, probable cause for search warrant) Pierce, 7/30:2; Clifford, 9/10:4

Sentence review: (supervisory control denied) Langton, Haynes, 9/24:4, 5

Sentencing: (Defendant not sentenced more harshly for failing to admit guilt) Burkhart, 1/1:6; (sex offender conditions proper on suspended sentence for failure to register, other conditions not related or not in oral pronouncement) Malloy, 1/8:6; (remanded for reconsideration by Simonton of connection between restitution and offenses and amendment to reflect accountability as basis for assault with weapon) McDanold, 1/15:3; (6th Amendment requires juries, not judges, to find facts relevant to sentencing, Guidelines advisory, not mandatory) Booker, 1/15:6; (prison v. DPHHS) Pittman, 3/26:4; (qualified immunity) San Jose Chapter of Hells Angels Motorcycle Club v. San Jose, 4/9:6; (challenge of vehicle forfeiture waived in plea agreement) Herman, 4/30:4; (hunting/fishing privileges properly suspended) Ruiz, 5/14:4; (Lane oral/written sentence challenge rejected) Wiedrich, 5/21:4; (3rd child sexual assault sentence not breach of plea agreement) Rardon, 6/4:3; (credit should be given for time in detention on other concurrent sentences) Tracy, 6/11:3; (PSI report of prior police contacts properly considered, placement properly required outside of Butte-Silver Bow area) Dunfee, 6/11:3; (no self-incrimination by requiring sex offender treatment and admission of guilt by Defendant who pled guilty) Van Haele, 6/18:3; (Defendant improperly banished from county) Weinberger, 7/9:2; (video appearance by prosecutor denied) Nealy, 7/9:4; (remanded for re-calculation of jail credit on separate sentences in light of unclear record on bond revocation for first charge, despite failure to object, support improperly ordered in lieu of restitution/costs for possession/lab offenses) Erickson, 10/8:1; (cruel/unusual) Wardell, 10/22:3; (State may raise jurisdiction (failure to object to sentence) first time on appeal, although not condoned, legality of felony DUI sentence could have been raised on appeal, barred in postconviction proceeding) Osborne, 11/5:3, (petition for rehearing of postconviction denial citing subsequent US Supreme Court opinion on jurisdictional limits denied) 12/17:5; (postconviction challenge of 1986 weapon enhancement sentence untimely in DUI persistent offender challenge) Bingman, 11/5:3; (Judge had jurisdiction over Defendant's motion for permission from Judge to drive even if condition considered in excess of authority, but State failed to file alleged illegal sentence appeal within 14 days of original judgment, untimely, dismissed) Bowser, 11/12:3; (due process rights not violated in changing sentence from DOC to MSP following successful appeal) Heath, 11/12:4; (jail time properly imposed pursuant to deferred prosecution agreement) Dreidlein, 11/12:5; (restitution improperly imposed without documentation of victim's loss under 2001 statute, reimbursement for appointed counsel improperly ordered based on possible future resources) Hirt, 11/26:7; (claim nonjurisdictional under Pena) Slavin, 12/17:5; (no support for claim of vindictive sentence recommendation) Henderson, 12/31:3

Sexual assault: (misdemeanor assault not lesser included as charged) Cameron, 2/19:3; (admissions voluntary) McCollom, 3/19:1; (30 years prison reasonable & just for drug crimes post-Booker, not Guidelines calculation of life) Hoskins, 5/7:5; (also SWIC/incest, expert testimony on girls' credibility properly excluded, therapist of one girl properly allowed to testify, severance properly denied) Riggs, 5/21:3; (mental illnesses did not render defendant unable to conform to law, revocation properly specified DOC rather than DPHHS) Burke, 10/22:4; (not violation of due process for State to recommend longer sentence than Defendant rejected in negotiations) Killam, 10/22:5;  (plain error review of unanimity instruction declined) Clark, 12/31:2

Sexual/violent offender registration: (judge not required to notify of duty to register) White Bear, 1/29:1; (Defendant who was required to register while a juvenile in Washington required to register in Montana) Villanueva, 8/13:2; (persistent offender enhancement based on underlying offense and failure to register not double jeopardy, sentence not cruel/unusual) Wardell, 10/22:3

Speedy trial: (speedy trial claim properly denied, incarceration on federal charges negates prejudice) Bowser, 11/12:3

Statutory rape/sexual assault: Novak, 12/3:3

Tampering/fabricating evidence: Clifford, 9/10:4; Henderson, 12/31:3

Theft by deception: (sufficient evidence that former ranch hand obtained money from elderly woman under guise of back wages) Dahl, 1/29:1; Kuipers, 6/25:2; (by deception, sufficient evidence that hotel manager manipulated billings and deposits... no Brady violation in relation to financial documents, jury properly instructed) Field, 7/30:3; (burglary acquittal did not establish that Defendant not guilty of entry into and actual taking from store, sufficient evidence of actual taking) Kelley, 8/20:4

Threats in official matters: Clifford, 9/10:4

Traffic stop: (particularized suspicion by switch of drivers, racial profiling not found) State v. Britt, 4/30:4

Trespass, criminal: (instructions correctly stated elements... store manager did not need written authority from owner to ask person to leave... statute not vague/overbroad) Allum, 6/18:2

Trial in absentia: (properly held after Defendant voluntarily absent with unverified claimed medical condition) Clark, 7/9:2

Untimely motion for extension to file brief: (supervisory control denied) Pinocci, 2/26:5

Youth: (13-year-old alleged killer properly transferred to district court) Whiteman, 2/5:3; (postconviction petition challenging prison sentence of youth untimely) Camarillo, 2/26:4

Witness credibility: (instruction) Marble, 8/27:3


Developmentally Disabled

Community v. institution: TSD, 2/26:3

Medical records access: (supervisory control denied in right to know/free speech challenge of denial of decedent's medical records) Montana Advocacy Program v. Larson, 5/28:1


Discrimination

Age: Tucker v. Roseburg Forest Products, 7/23:6; 10/1:8; Owen v. On The Fly, 10/1:8; Weber v. VA, 12/24:6

Disability: (Elks Club janitor with AIDS, failure to hire as bartender but not as general manager) Billings v. BPOE 456, 12/3:7

Health benefits: (policy of denying health benefits to unmarried same-sex couples while granting benefits to unmarried opposite-sex couples violative of equal protection) Snetsinger v. Montana University System, 1/1:4

Political: Kinnick v. Park Co., 7/23:6

Race: (Indian cleaning service employee improperly banned from courthouse, not unreasonably subsequently charged with crime, did not reasonably fear for safety, awarded $680 wages, $15,000 for emotional distress) Has The Pipe v. Park Co., 1/22:5; 5/14:8

Retaliation: (claims by church employees alleging adverse actions by pastor after discovery of his access to pornographic web sites rejected) Wilson v. Catholic Diocese of Great Falls-Billings, 9/3:7

Sex: (plaintiff failed to establish employment relationship with successor owner of hotel) Hanson v. Dix (Roosevelt Hotel), 2/5:2; (offer of motel maid job conditioned on prostitution, $35,000 emotional distress award reinstated) Schmidt v. Cook (Triple Crown Inn), 3/12:1; (quid pro quo harassment by insurance agent who made continued employment contingent on agreement to resume affair and leave husband) Williams v. Lowther Ins. Agency, 3/19:8; (retaliation claims properly dismissed on summary judgment, new trial following discrimination defense verdict properly denied, costs properly awarded to Defendant) Rolison v. Bozeman Deaconess Health Services, 4/23:1; (cocktail waitress work environment ``hostile''/``abusive,'' continued to within 180-day statute, lost wages not reduced for failure to mitigate, $75,000 emotional distress award properly reinstated from HRC's reduction to $40,000, husband not de facto owner of bar) Benjamin v. Anderson, 5/21:1; (quid pro quo harassment by insurance agent who made continued employment contingent on agreement to resume affair and leave husband) Williams v. Lowther Ins. Agency, 6/18:6; (pregnancy) Wirtz v. Western Wireless, 10/1:8; (payment of on-call compensation to police captains and undersheriff gender-neutral, no retaliation in discipline/discharge of 911 supervisor) Lasky v. BSB Co. Sheriff's Office, 12/3:8

Statute of limitations: (fact issues on ADA/MHRA claims as to when notice of termination given, equitable tolling/estopple as to statute of limitations defense) Foster v. UPS, 7/2:6


Elections

Ballot initiatives: (county distribution requirement violative of equal protection) MontPIRG v. Montana, 4/9:5; (no tolling/equitable estoppel of petition filing deadlines, dismissal of challenge of adverse opinion as to area of electors affirmed) Let The People Vote v. Flathead Co. Commissioners, 9/17:4

Overvotes: (improperly counted in HD 12 election, attorney fees for Plaintiff, full opinion following previous order) Big Spring v. Jore, 3/26:2


Employees

Competition: (deposit ordered pending resolution of suit by court services company against competing former employees) Mountain Peaks Inc. v. Pohle, 12/10:5

Covenant not to compete: (employer/ employee relationship, unreasonable) Montana Mountain Products v. Curl, 4/30:1

Employment contract: (Losing hockey coach fired without cause, but damages limited to 1 year salary/bonus, not 5 years as awarded in bench judgment) Cole v. Valley Ice Garden, 2/12:1; (surgical assistant entitled to 20% of amount billed (as opposed to amount collected) by neurosurgeons) Wage Claim of Ramsay, 12/17:2; (fact issues as to contract termination language) Bradley v. Crow Tribe of Indians, 12/17:2

ERISA: (plaintiff with MS entitled to long-term ``any occupation'' disability benefits, attorney fees awarded for breach of fiduciary duty, 4-years prejudgment interest due to bad faith, de novo review warranted by conflict of interest by dual-role defendant) Davis-King v. Continental Casualty, 1/8:7; ($360,600 attorney fees following $1,352,250 bench judgment, contingency not assessable against Plan, trustee appointed) Raines v. Donaldson Bros. Ready Mix, 4/9:4

FLSA: (fact issues precluded summary judgment) Boston v. Bitterroot International Systems, 9/3:2

Incentive bonus: (parties allowed to brief legal issue of statute of limitations in refusal to pay incentive bonus in supervisory control petition) Energy West v. Sandefur, 7/9:1

Severance agreement: (waived by refusal to sign, filing of discrimination claim) Patterson v. Verizon Wireless, 11/5:2

Wages: (claimant may seek redress in administrative proceedings or district court, not both) Von Petersdorff v. Kenyon Noble Lumber, 1/1:5; (independent contractor status properly determined based on more than IC certificate) Wage Claim of Ramsay, 12/17:2; (employer properly paid only 95% of personal time per agreement) McConkey v. Flathead Electric Co-op, 12/24:2


Environment

Air quality permit: (party challenging air quality permit has burden in contested case, Board failed to apply correct standards, DEQ inappropriately deferred to federal land managers as to visibility impacts of proposed coal power plant) MEIC v. DEQ, 4/23:2

CERCLA: ($54,527,081 award to EPA for Libby asbestos cleanup affirmed, action properly characterized as ``removal'' rather than ``remedial'') US v. W.R. Grace, 12/10:6

Clean/healthful environment: (issues set for argument) Superior v. ASARCO, 12/17:4

Jimtown Vegetation Project: (approved) Native Ecosystems Council v. FS, 11/12:6

Lolo Post Burn Project: (remanded for new EIS) Ecology Center v. FS, 12/17:8


Evidence, Civil

DNA sample: (privacy right of prisoner not violated by having to submit DNA sample) Johnson, 3/5:4

Exemplars: (reliability of exemplar testing to be decided at trial) Farmers Union Mutual Ins. v. Brass Craft Mfg., 8/27:4

Experts: (wood expert properly precluded from testifying as to other subflooring ``squeaking'' incidents, late disclosure of fact witness as expert not improper) Tripp v. Jeld-Wen, 5/14:1; (disclosure deadlines extended due to Court's failure to send scheduling order to Defendant... Plaintiffs' expert reports to be returned, not disclosed, counsel should inquire if it appears Court has not followed through on such things) McCluskey v. Allstate Ins., 8/6:5; (part of Plaintiff's expert's 2nd disclosure permissible rebuttal, part impermissible supplementation) Farmers Union Mutual Ins. v. Brass Craft Mfg., 8/27:4; ($1,500 sanction but no dismissal for Plaintiff's untimely expert disclosure, expert limited to disclosed opinions) Heaton v. Worksman Trading Corp., 10/8:2

Felony conviction: Heaton v. Worksman Trading Corp., 10/8:2

Hearsay: (hearsay objection to statement of injured person reserved for trial) Heaton v. Worksman Trading Corp., 10/8:2

Settlement: (third-party settlement amount properly allowed to show bias) Tripp v. Jeld-Wen, 5/14:1; (evidence indicating offer of compromise properly excluded) Thiel's Welding v. Vermeer Sales & Service Montana, 9/3:2


Evidence, Criminal

Admissions: (voluntary) McCollom, 3/19:1; (lay witness testifying to Defendant's confession distinguished from law enforcement testimony) McGarvey, 12/10:4

Custody chain: (proper custody chain of baggies shipped by UPS) Bowser, 11/12:3

Evidence: (handwriting expert properly allowed to testify without Daubert hearing, law professor critic of handwriting evidence properly excluded, ``reverse'' 404(b) evidence for pointing to another as perpetrator properly limited under Just) Clifford, 9/10:4; (fireman properly allowed in this case to testify as lay witness to pour patterns) Henderson, 12/31:3

Electronic eavesdropping: (supervisory control denied) Ibarra-Salas, 2/26:5

Hearsay: (excited utterance) Cameron, 2/19:3

Photos: (stab wounds) Kearney, 7/16:3

Res gestae/transaction: Baker, 1/8:5; ``reverse'' 404(b) evidence: (for pointing to another as perpetrator, properly limited under Just) Clifford, 9/10:4; Victim's prior crimes/acts: (evidence of wife's prior PFMA arrest properly excluded under Rule 403 in case against husband) Grixti, 12/3:4


Family Law

Assets declaration: (inadequate evidence of perjury in assets declaration to warrant discovery in separate action to set aside decree) Polson, 7/30:2

Attorney fees: (properly awarded without hearing or Swenson factors) Olson, 3/12:2

Custody: (father properly awarded custody where both parents intolerant & inflexible) Epperson, 3/5:3; (custody properly awarded to wife based on evidence of abuse by husband) Bock, 3/5:3; (father properly designated primary custodian after mother concealed birth, denied paternity, excluded father) SH v. TME, 4/30:3; (insufficient findings for denial of parenting plan modification) Olson, 5/14:2; (grandparents did not follow statutory requirements for custody, lack standing) Parenting of DH, 5/28:2; (findings/conclusions required for amendment of parenting plan) Lawrence, 6/4:3; (1999 non-parent custody legislation unconstitutional facially and as applied to grandparents' petition) Miniear, 7/30:4

False testimony: (alleged false testimony in divorce proceeding that husband did not own real estate would constitute perjury/intrinsic fraud, not extrinsic fraud, independent fraud claim properly dismissed) Castonguay, 10/29:4; (rehearing denied as to affirmation of Judge McNeil's rejection of claimed perjury in assets declaration, judge allowed discretion in ``discovering'' perjury) Polson, 10/29:5

Grandparent visitation: Polasek, 7/16:2

Maintenance: (property in lieu of support) Epperson, 3/5:3; (maintenance agreement not unconscionable by wife's cohabitation) Olson, 3/12:2; (maintenance and property distribution properly considered in tandem, §179 deduction properly spread over life of vehicle for determining husband's business income) Payer, 4/16:2

Parental rights: (termination proper despite false parental sex abuse diagnosis) DB, 6/4:2; (abandonment) TH, 10/1:3; (discovery denials remedied by access to DPHHS/CA files, adjudicatory/dispositional bifurcation error remedied) SC, 10/1:3; (§41-3-423(2)(a) ``aggravated circumstances'' not void for vagueness, sufficient evidence of emotional neglect to support termination, DPHHS admonished against ``shotgun'' notice, but affidavit & petition provided adequate notice) Parental Rights of DS, 11/12:2; Paternity: (third-party's DNA-determined paternity recognized as in best interest of child conceived during affair) KP, 12/10:4

Property: (home/businesses properly valued, estate properly distributed) Collins, 1/8:3; (``irrevocable'' family trust properly terminated and assets distributed) Epperson, 3/5:3; (PERS and ``loan'' properly distributed) Bock, 3/5:3; (account/beneficiary transfers during short marriage were gifts, not included in estate) Vander Vos, 4/2:3; (settlement agreement does not override federal preemption against VA disability as marital property) Lutes, 10/1:2; (assets of long-term marriage with preacquired/inherited assets properly valued/divided, conflicting credit card debt origin claims properly resolved, maintenance properly awarded, no abuse in adopting most of wife's proposed findings) Crilly, 12/24:3

Protection order: (made permanent) Bock, 3/5:3

Separate action to set aside decree: Polson, 7/30:2

Support: (greater share of assets in lieu of maintenance) Epperson, 3/5:3; (no findings for support award) Noble, 5/14:2


Federal Government

Veterans affairs: (summary Review Board improperly considered matters not disclosed in notice to VA doctor, no ADEA remedy for discharge) Weber v. VA, 4/16:6


Indians

Jurisdiction: (student truck driver's appeal of negligence/spoliation jurisdiction claims to be heard en banc following panel reversal of Erickson) Smith v. Salish Kootenai College, 5/21:6; (not ``plain'' that Tribal Court lacks jurisdiction of insurance bad faith claim, must have first opportunity to consider) Progressive Specialty Ins. v. Burland-Kelly, 8/13:6

NHPA: (BLM violated NHPA and breached trust obligations by failing to consult with Tribe before approving Badger Hills APDs/POD, injunction pending consultation) Northern Cheyenne Tribe v. BLM, 7/23:6


Insurance

Adjuster's liability assessment: (supervisory control of Irigoin denied on admissibility of adjuster's preliminary and retracted liability assessment as to advance payments) Burckhard v. Irigoin, 9/17:2

Bad faith: (supervisory control of Krueger denied in denial of motion to dismiss claims against insurer and adjuster assertedly outside of UTPA) Rask v. Allstate Ins., 2/5:1; (prior refusal to stack UIM in Montana admissible in UTPA suit, identity of insureds who have been denied UIM not barred by privacy, but medical/financial records not discoverable, ``coverage opinions'' could invade attorney-client privilege, ``trade secrets'' stipulation, rulings, attorney fees granted for first motion to compel, denied for second, new local rule requires certification of cooperation attempt) Sherrill v. Progressive Northwest Ins., 3/12:2; (summary judgment precluded by fact issues as to whether insurer reasonably relied on ND law that was contrary to Montana law, complied with contractual obligations, violated UTPA) Wamsley v. Nodak Mutual Ins., 4/9:3; (third-party fees/costs as element of UTPA damages, certified question by Erickson accepted, but may not be answered because UTPA case settled) Johnson v. GEICO, 4/23:2; (legal malpractice insurer had reasonable basis pre-Watkins Trust to deny claim of non-party third-party conservatorship beneficiary) Redies v. ALPS, 5/28:4; (Plaintiff not allowed to amend to bring bad faith claim against insurer after settling with tortfeasor, must file separate action) Kern v. Progressive Specialty Ins., 6/11:4

Choice of law: (Montana law applies to accident in Montana where UIM policy territory is USA) Waters v. USAA, 6/18:3

COLA: (claim for failure to pay disability COLA benefits time-barred) Rodgers v. MONY Life Ins., 11/26:2

Coverage: (gas station lessee's reconstructed missing policy supports only loss payee status of station owner in remediation subrogation suit, owner's insurer not informed of remediation, claim barred by ``no action'' clause, attorney fees as sanctions for untimely disclosure of missing policy information) MPTRCB v. Capitol Indemnity, 1/29:2; (pollution exclusion bars coverage for contamination from intentional dumping of hazardous wastes into landfill, ``sudden & accidental'' exception contains temporal element, burden on insured to prove disposal into neighbors' groundwater ``sudden & accidental'' (first impression), initial disposal, not migration and resulting damages, must be ``sudden & accidental'' to fall within exclusion exception, insurer had no duty to defend against third-party cleanup claims, insurer may recoup defense costs for claims that were ultimately barred... insurer liable for fees for opposing drafting history request) Travelers Casualty & Surety v. Ribi Immunochem Research, 3/5:1; (hail storm basement damage precluded by ``surface water'' exclusion, ``sequential exclusion'' clause in homeowner policy) Johnson v. Safeco Ins., 4/2:6; (stipulated judgment for roofer's severe head injury, policy limits from business policy, policy limits of excess insurer, excess judgment, prejudgment interest, attorney fees based on hours, not contingency) Security National Ins. v. Wink, 4/16:5; 4/23:6;  (no coverage for alleged failure to fund profit sharing plan, no indemnity for $97 million settlement plus $17 million defense costs plus interest) Travelers Casualty & Surety v. Wausau Underwriters Ins., 5/7:4; (no duty to defend against tenants' claims stemming from refusal to return deposit) The Apartment Store v. Mount Vernon Fire Ins., 5/21:6; (title insurance, installation of utilities not covered) Belvin v. Rocky Mountain Timberlands, 7/2:3; (issuance of short-term medical policies does not constitute ``renewal'' within statutory waiver of preexisting condition exclusion, menometrorrhagia not within grant of coverage and barred by preexisting condition exclusion, diagnoses of PA and reviewing physician amount to ``medical treatment or advice from a Physician'') Davidson v. Fortis Ins., 7/16:6; (``each Person'' UIM applies to wrongful death/survivor claims, first impression) State Farm Mutual Auto Ins. v. Bowen, 8/13:5; (snowmobiles on trailer properly excluded from vehicle liability insurance by transported property exclusion, no conflict with mandatory liability insurance (first impression), insurer had no duty to defend, not estopped by intervening) Grimsrud v. Hagel, 8/20:1; (no liability coverage for unlicensed driver regardless of whether household resident) Shaw v. Etchison, 9/3:1; (Form B endorsement provided coverage to additional-insured general contractor for named-insured subcontractor's negligence in selecting wrong paint that resulted in repainting of water plant, exclusions for named-insured not applicable to additional-insured, excess insurance provision inapplicable) Swank Enterprises v. All Purposes Services, 9/3:3; (dishonesty consequential/direct losses, certified question by Haddon accepted) Frontline Processing v. American Economy Ins., 10/15:1; (injuries sustained when tow truck jackknifed excluded from coverage under homeowner policy exclusion for injuries ``arising out of use'' of vehicle, alleged negligent loading of vehicle onto trailer not independent of use of vehicle) Allstate Ins. v. Richards, 11/5:4; (ruling on umbrella insurer's indemnity obligations premature in light of unresolved personal liability issue in underlying suit, remanded for resolution of duty to defend) Skinner v. Allstate Ins., 12/24:1; (no coverage under ``bodily injury'' policy for emotional/psychological injuries from witnessing son/brother's auto/pedestrian accident/injury, no reasonable expectation by insured of such coverage) Allstate Ins. v. Wagner-Ellsworth, 12/24:5

Excess insurance: (summary judgment dismissal denied on claim that environmental remediation costs may exceed excess insurer's $6 million threshold) American Stores v. Commercial Union Ins., 5/7:3

Fraud: (self-insurer/adjusters immune from liability in connection with fraud claims prosecuted by Insurance Commissioner) Sherner v. National Loss Contgrol Services, 11/26:1

Jurisdiction: (no jurisdiction over Mississippi insurer, Montana accident, part-time Montana residents) Carter v. Mississippi Farm Bureau Casualty Ins., 3/26:1

Med-pay: (non-duplication of medical payments under med-pay/UM provisions valid) Bair v. Allstate, 5/7:2

Misrepresentations: (fact issues as to auto credit life application misrepresentations precluded summary judgment, ``filed rate doctrine'' inapplicable, post-denial medical records properly admitted, jury improperly instructed on objective test for ``good health'' certification, sufficient evidence to submit fraud/bad faith claims to jury, bad faith claim may be submitted on retrial, Plaintiff's bankruptcy properly excluded, defense verdict reversed, remanded for new trial) Williams v. Union Fidelity Life Ins., 9/17:1; (opinion withdrawn, to be replaced, standard for subjective knowledge of application statements clarified, petition for rehearing granted, denied) 10/29:1; (replacement opinion) 11/5:1

Occurrence v. discovery: (commercial policy in effect at time of ``occurrence'' (not discovery) of damages applicable) Swank Enterprises v. All Purpose Services, 9/3:3

Reservation of rights: (insurer estopped from denying defense/indemnity because reservation of rights letter inadequate, insured entitled to independent counsel at insurer's expense based on conflict of interest created by reservation of rights letter) Safeco Ins. v. Liss, 4/2:2

Stacking: (Hardy retroactive to stacking cases pending on direct review or not yet final, clarified retroactivity rule adopted, certified question) Dempsey v. Allstate Ins., 1/1:1

Tender rejection: (insurer that rejected tender liable for $250,000 settlement plus defense costs) Swank Enterprises v. All Purpose Services, 9/3:3

UM: (passenger's UM insurer obligated to compensate for any damages above vehicle owner's ``primary'' $1 million UM policy limit regardless of settlement with owner's insurer, UTPA claim hinge on whether damages actually exceeded $1 million and insurer's basis for contesting amount, UM cannot be offset by comp, claimant entitled to attorney fees if it is determined that her insurer breached duty to indemnify) VanVallis v. Progressive Northwestern Ins., 10/1:4; (UM class action settlement members allowed to reopen wrongful death/survivor claims) Hern v. Safeco Ins., 12/3:1

UIM: (Claimant not entitled to attorney fees in UIM ``value'' case) Rand v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins., 6/11:4; (choice of law, ND actual place of performance of policies, Plaintiffs not entitled to UIM under ND law) Kilmer v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins., 8/6:4; (policy applicable to rental vehicle, not operator, under policy terms, default judgment against driver less than vehicle coverage limits, no recovery against vehicle policy) Mecca v. Farmers Ins., 10/29:1

Venue: (appeal of order denying change of venue based on policy venue language not interlocutory) The Doctors' Company v. Finney, 9/17:3


Local Government

Irrigation districts: (petitions for exclusion) Petitioners 1-549 v. Missoula Irrigation Dist., 4/23:2

Smoking ordinances: (HB 758 (exempting casinos from smoking ordinances) not a prohibition of self-governing powers, does not preempt ordinances, no private AG fees (HB 758 ineffectual, not unconstitutional) American Cancer Society v. State.,1/1:3

Zoning: (amendments allowing shopping mall properly adopted) North 93 Neighbors v. Flathead Co. Commissioners, 3/12:4; (DOR ``mailing address'' bar/school proximity rule inconsistent with statutory ``entrances'' measurement, DOR could not permit bar/casino, City's requirement for conditional use permit did not deprive owner of property rights, City not estopped from relying on statutory proximity measurements, §1988 fees to Council members) Germann v. Stephens, 5/21:4


Mental Commitment

Alternatives: DS, 6/18:1

Imminent threat: (insufficient evidence of imminent threat of injury based on sound of gunshot, living conditions) CRC, 1/1:5; (suicide ideation) DS, 6/18:1

Overt act: (supervisory control denied) AK, 6/4:2


Minerals

I-137 cyanide prohibition: (taking/contract impairment/lease termination challenges rejected) Seven Up Pete Venture v. State, 6/11:2


Patents

Castration device: (defense verdict reversed) Callicrate v. Wadsworth Mfg., 11/12:6


Property

Adverse possession: (claim defeated by failure to pay taxes on disputed property) Fergus Co. School Dist. v. Wells-Norlin, 2/26:2

Boundary: (Plaintiff owns to river low-water line since boundary defined by meander line and deeds/plat do not indicate contrary intent, Plaintiff not properly served by publication, not bound by prior quiet title decree) Andersen v. McCollum, 12/17:1

Community access: (private dock violative of community access agreement, injunction/removal properly ordered) Cravath v. Ellingson, 11/26:4

Competency: (wife with mild Alzheimer's competent when she and husband executed deeds/titles) Stave (Conservator of Lenora Rutledge) v. Estate of Arvid Rutledge, 12/31:1

Covenants: (not modified in writing to transfer lake-use rights from one location to another, no equitable estoppel under statute of frauds) Hanson v. Water Ski Mania Estates, 3/5:2; (amendment to covenants barring short-term rentals improperly adopted) Point Service v. Myers, 12/31:1

Easement: (permissive based on neighborly accommodation, not prescriptive) Tomlin Enterprises v. Althoff, 1/1:4; (public prescriptive easement established over segment that begins and ends on servient tenement) Public Lands Access Association v. Jones, 1/8:1; (prescriptive, road) Combs-DeMaio Living Trust v. Kilby Butte Colony, 3/26:2; (preliminary injunction preventing blocking access easement pending trial) Koelzer v. Frankewich, 8/27:4; (road, not granted by deeds or covenants) Erickson v. Knight, 9/10:2; (law of easements appurtenant) Leichtfuss v. Dabney, 11/5:1

Partition: (unrequested ``no build'' zones properly imposed as equitable relief) Kellogg v. Dearborn Information Services LLC (Campbells), 8/6:1

Quiet title: (action not time barred since Plaintiff seized of property within 5 years of suit, estimated size of tract in tax records not dispositive as to boundary, adverse possession claim defeated by failure to pay taxes on disputed property) Fergus Co. School Dist. v. Wells-Norlin, 2/26:2; (Plaintiff not properly served by publication, not bound by prior quiet title decree) Andersen v. McCollum, 12/17:1

Real estate: (non-party S corporation not entitled to lost profits from Plaintiff's retained earnest money) Gullett v. Van Dyke, 4/30:2; (whether buyer agent may represent competing buyers, certified question by Molloy accepted) Zuazua v. Tibbles (Coldwell Banker Gateway Realty), 11/12:2

Redemption: (no standing) Cox v. Rocky Mountain Bank of Plains, 1/15:1

Road: (not ``public highway'') Dorn v. BNSF, 2/12:4

Time share: (no individual liability for loss of investment in unit) Arnett v. Marina Cay Resort Villas, 12/3:2


Railroads

FELA: (venue properly transferred from Cascade Co. to Dawson or Yellowstone under §25-2-122(2)) Rule v. BNSF, 1/29:1

Mismanagement: (statutory mismanagement cause established by law of case from prior appeal, claim not based on CBA, not preempted by RLA, ERISA preemption defense untimely) Winslow v. MRL, 9/10:1


Schools

Public school funding: (funding issue not nonjusticiable political question, without legislative definition of ``quality'' education Court cannot conclude that current system is designed to provide ``quality'' education but whatever definition devised current system not constitutionally sufficient, finding that State violated Art. X §1(2) by not recognizing Indian cultural heritage unchallenged, remanded for reconsideration of attorney fees under private AG doctrine, opinion superseding prior expedited summary conclusions) Columbia Falls Elementary School Dist v. State, 3/26:3


Securities

Contract of adhesion: (SEP agreement with arbitration provision a contract of adhesion, but reasonable expectations must be analyzed) Zigrang v. US Bancorp Piper Jaffray, 11/12:1

Fiduciary duty: (brokers had discretion to buy & sell, creating fiduciary duty, breached by failure to explain arbitration provision prior to execution of contract, arbitration clause unenforceable) Willems v. US Bancorp Piper Jaffray, 2/26:2; Kaufman Individually and as Trustee of Montana Facial Surgery Pension & Profit Sharing Plan, 8/13:1


Settlements

Auto: (rear-end, closed-head) Davis v. Progressive Casualty Ins., 5/7:5

Debt collection: Bennett v. Bay Area Credit Service, 3/26:7

Deputy injured while trying to subdue suicidal detainee: (knee) Michel v. Lewis & Clark Co., 5/7:4

Discrimination: (sex discrimination/retaliation, LEA supervisor) Hooper v. Butte-Silver Bow Co., 1/8:4; (sex discrimination, deputy sheriff) Winburn v. Big Horn Co. Sheriff's Office, 4/2:8; (race, Indian janitor banned from courthouse) Has The Pipe v. Park Co., 5/14:8; (alleged race discrimination/harassment by hotel owner against Indian birthday party guests) Hunts Arrow v. Billings Hotel & Convention Center, 7/9:5; (sex discrimination, marital status discrimination, retaliation, husband & wife teachers) Foster v. Lodge Grass School Dist., 7/30:6; (national origin (Cambodian) discrimination/retaliation, county library aide) Ping Ho v. Fallon Co., 9/3:8; (Fair Housing Act accessibility) Steinweden v. L&M Const., 9/17:8; (sex, hostile/abusive work environment, cocktail waitress) Benjamin v. Anderson (Joker's Wild Bar), 11/5:6; (sex discrimination/retaliation, school custodian) Kandle v. Columbus School Dist., 11/12:6

FELA: (mid-trial, cumulative trauma from rough riding truck) Damm v. BNSF, 9/24:7

Hot-pursuit death: Harris v. Lincoln Co., 7/23:5

Med-pay stacking: (common fund, class action, attorney fees) Qualls v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins., 9/3:6

Scaffold: (death) Dukes v. Missoula, 8/20:2

Dram shop: (multiple injuries to ophthalmologist) Bellin v. Montana City Grill & Saloon, 4/23:5

Work comp bad faith: Bustell v. AIG Claims Service, 5/7:4

Wrongful discharge: (local government officials) Johnston v. Butte-Silver Bow, 12/10:8


State Government

Board of Medical Examiners: (psychiatrist's license properly revoked for sex with patient, Board's prerogative to increase penalty from HE's proposal if it reviews complete record) Munn v. Board of Medical Examiners, 12/10:1

Board of Outfitters: (operator sanctioned for using unlicensed guide) Crismore v. Board of Outfitters, 5/7:1

Game farms: (constitutional challenges to I-143 rejected) Spoklie v. Montana, 6/25:6

Medicaid: (reimbursement order affirmed over therapist's contention of misinformation as to new billing rules) Kirchner v. DPHHS, 8/20:3; (express trust exists between Hutterite Colony and members, resources available for benefit of members, remanded for further fact-finding as to whether Claimants satisfy ``resource test'' for Family Related Medicaid Program) Fair Hearing of Hofer, 12/10:2

School trust lands: (no substantial harm or breach of trust from commingling income with General Fund) MonTRUST v. Darkenwald, 8/13:1

Teachers' Retirement: (prohibition against retired local teacher drawing pension while working full-time at university not violative of equal protection) Farrier v. Teachers' Retirement Board, 9/24:3


Torts

Alienation of affections of child: Vieke v. Heikkinen, 7/23:2

Battery: (defense verdict (no back/neck damages from punch to jaw) affirmed) Moore v. Beye, 10/29:3; (claim rejected) Point Service v. Myers, 12/31:1

CJIA/privacy: (claims by teacher for disclosure of unexecuted deferred prosecution agreement, initial offense report, rejected) Svaldi v. Anaconda Deer Lodge co., 2/5:1

CPA: (intermediate standard for awarding fees to prevailing CPA defendants adopted) Tripp v. Jeld-Wen, 5/14:1

FTCA: (claim barred by 6-month statute) Bird Rattler v. US, 4/16:6; (``prisons'' as used in the 28 USC 2679(b) certification process for immunity from tort claims against government employees does not include corporations) Adams v. Thomas Helicopters, 8/27:6

Illegal search: (claims following meth acquittal rejected, search claims barred by collateral estoppel from criminal case, qualified immunity for police chief who helped execute warrant, application misstatements/omissions immaterial/insubstantial, not deliberately falsified, probable cause to search, prosecutorial immunity) Nickel v. Woods, 4/2:6

Infliction of emotional distress: (no severe emotional distress) McConkey v. Flathead Electric Co-op, 12/24:2

Libel: (critical newspaper letters/ads by former board member not defamatory) McConkey v. Flathead Electric Co-op, 12/24:2

Malicious prosecution: Nickel v. Woods, 4/2:6

Medical malpractice: (stay of trial granted to allow young Plaintiff with alleged birth brain injury to attain appropriate age for testing of cognitive functioning, bifurcation denied) Bowman v. Bozeman OB/GYN Associates, 4/16:3; (Medical-Legal Panel must find good cause for extending 120 days for hearing, jurisdiction lost for failure to do so, supervisory control granted) Casey v. Mizner, 8/27:1; (res ipsa instruction properly refused in claim of brachial plexopathy resulting from clavicle surgery, new trial following defense verdict denied, certification of res ipsa in med-mal context denied) Cunningham v. Sobba, 9/24:7; (information relating to hospital privileges of doctor, even as they relate to care of decedent, are privileged, not discoverable, product of outside review companies also privileged) McCully v. Natelson, 12/31:5

Negligence: (failure to suspend driver's license) Sikorski v. Johnson, 5/21:2; (owner of vehicle not vicariously liable for adult son's negligence as driver) Dana v. Woodard, 7/9:3; (UM not negligent in collapse of chair under 350-lb arena patron) Bonilla v. UM, 7/23:1; (no evidence of conduct to support res ipsa negligence claim) Farmers Union Mutual Ins. v. Brass Craft Mfg., 8/27:4; (judgment as matter of law proper on ranch chemical exposure claims for inadequate expert disclosure, consequent inability to establish causation, lack of duty by rancher to supervise father who accidentally injected Plaintiff with sheep serum) Nelson v. Nelson, 10/29:2; (redacted horse riding waiver properly admitted) McDermott v. Horse Prairie Ranch, 11/26:3; (City's motion to dismiss deck collapse complaints based on public duty doctrine, quasi-judicial immunity, denied) Dupuis v. Diamond Horseshoe, 12/31:5

Negligent spoliation: (claim against City relating to items not preserved at scene of fire barred by public duty doctrine) McDermott v. Billings, 6/25:4

Product liability: (general contractor who contracted to build home on cost-plus basis and who purchased materials to be installed by roofing subcontractor not ``seller'' of roofing materials under §27-1-719) Wild v. Ridgeline Builders, 4/16:4; (Plaintiff may rely on circumstantial evidence ``elimination of alternative causes'' to prove defect, Defendant's motion for summary judgment on strict liability, failure to warn, denied) Farmers Union Mutual Ins. v. Brass Craft Mfg., 8/27:4; (pre-trial rulings in strict liability suit against propane heater manufacturer in CO deaths of campers, summary judgment denied on failure to warn although causation weak, summary judgment denied on alternative design (oxygen depletion sensor), summary judgment dismissal of alleged control knob defect, summary judgment on punitives denied at this time, motion may be renewed at trial following evidentiary rulings as to other heaters, misuse/assumption of risk defenses rejected, spoliation claim based on missing documents denied, expert may rely on testing done for different case, with heaters since destroyed, in rendering opinion, other evidentiary rulings) Neether v. Coleman, 10/1:5; (pretrial rulings in adult tricycle tipover case with mentally incapacitated adult, spoliation issues on both sides reserved for trial, $1,500 sanction but no dismissal for Plaintiff's untimely expert disclosure, expert limited to disclosed opinions as to turn limiter defect, summary judgment as to prima facie causation precluded by fact issues, circumstantial evidence, hearsay objection to statement of injured person reserved for trial, bicycle helmet defense precluded, more information required on brother's felony conviction, midtrial settlement) Heaton v. Worksman Trading Corp., 10/8:2

Radiological exposure: (Plaintiffs allegedly exposed to Cesium on drilling rig limited to Public Liability Action claim, strict liability cause dismissed, no jurisdiction over PLA/emotional distress/medical monitoring claims absent demonstrable present bodily injury (sub-cellular damage/cancer fear insufficient)) Dumontier v. Schlumberger Technology, 10/29:5

Religious infringement: Vieke v. Heikkinen, 7/23:2

Scaffold: (Montana Scaffold Act imposed only on contractors/builders, not cities, whether City had duty or violated duty under Act moot) Dukes v. Missoula, 8/20:2

Tortious interference with contract: Hardy v. Vision Service Plan, 9/24:1

UHCIA: (disclosure of confidential health care information by doctor to defense lawyer) Bray v. Diggs, 6/25:2

Unlawful detainer: (tenants, trebling) Graveyard Ranch v. Bell, 7/16:1

Waiver: (redacted horse riding waiver properly admitted) McDermott v. Horse Prairie Ranch, 11/26:3

Wrongful death: (claims against county in relation to walk-away death of voluntary Warm Springs inmate barred by public duty doctrine) Eves (for Bear Don't Walk) v. ADLC, 6/25:1; (Supreme Court would likely hold that fetus born alive has right to wrongful death recovery regardless of viability) Robinson v. Bagnell, 12/10:5

Wrongful discharge: (fact issues as to intolerableness preclude summary judgment as to constructive discharge) Bellanger v. American Music Co., 1/8:1; (plaintiff failed to establish employment relationship with successor owner of hotel) Hanson v. Dix (Roosevelt Hotel), 2/5:2; (successful OD claimant judicially estopped from WDA claim) Vogel v. Intercontinental Truck Body, 5/14:4; (Plaintiff tendered pre-filing offer to arbitrate but failed to make ``valid offer'' after filing complaint, not entitled to attorney fees in event he prevails) Losleben v. State, 9/10:6; (discharge of self-government municipal department heads subject to WDA ``good cause,'' discharged without good cause, property right in continued employment, Chief Executive aware of law at time, not entitled to §1983 immunity) Johnston v. Babb, 10/22:6; (auto dealer body shop manager fired for good cause for ``piece of shit'' comment to customer regarding car with sticking doors) Sterrett v. Tilleman Motor, 11/26:5;  (electric co-op GM, good cause for discharge, written personnel policies not violated) McConkey v. Flathead Electric Co-op, 12/24:2


Trademarks

Rangelands monitoring/management: (summary judgment on rangelands monitoring/management counterclaims precluded by fact issues as to statute of limitations accrual/tolling, laches, intentional/willful conduct, intent to resume use of mark) Rangehands v. Land EKG, 1/8:7

Registration: (kayaking film infringements occurred prior to state registration, state claim rejected in motions hearing bench ruling) Polar Bear Productions v. Timex, 8/13:6


Trusts

Division: (division of ranch trust properly denied on summary judgment) Stevens Revocable Trust, 4/30:3


University System

Student election spending caps: (reasonable furtherance of educational opportunities, not violative of free speech) Flint v. UM, 4/16:6


Utilities

Telecommunications Act: (PSC properly rejected provisions of local carrier agreement) Ronan Telephone v. PSC, 4/16:7


Vehicles

Snowmobile dealership: (administrative exhaustion not required for district court jurisdiction over whether franchise existed, pegging ``substantially reliant'' to 50% of revenues too restrictive for determining whether franchise existed) Hi-Tech Motors v. Bombardier Motor, 7/30:1


Verdicts

Airplane logbooks: Murray v. Talmage, 3/26:6

Alfalfa damage: (frozen ditch) Burk Ranches v. Rock Chuck Ranch, 7/9:4

Arrest: (arrest of lawyer involved in friend's fight with ousted bar patron and arrest, probable cause, excessive force, back injuries) Laedeke v. Billings, 12/24:7

Assault: (alleged assault by rifle shot by deputies entering without knock/announce in response to prior altercation between Plaintiff and son, directed verdict on §1983 search & seizure) Cassady v. Yellowstone Co., 9/10:7

Attorney-client contingency contract: (payment of liens from wrongful discharge settlement proceeds) Bell & Marra v. Sullivan, 2/19:4

Auto: (intersection, admitted liability, acetabulum/DVT/subdural hematoma) Thomas v. Weyers, 1/8:6; (rear-end auto, shoulder/cervical/ribs/arm/hand/chronic pain, admitted fault, jury polling question) Pumphrey v. Empire Lath & Plaster, 1/15:4; (motorcycle/parked pickup crash, property damage) Brash v. Armstrong, 1/15:4; (head-on cement truck/car, retread tire blowout, 2 deaths) Martinez v. Les Schwab Tire Centers of Montana, 2/12:212/17:3; (intersection, soft-tissue shoulder/back/leg) Cunningham v. Temple, 3/5:6; (rear-end, admitted liability, neck/back/headaches) Bailey v. Knutson, 5/21:6; (intersection, mother and 2 children, teeth/neck) Salmon v. Pittsley, 5/28:6; (rear-end truck/auto, back/brain) Hoffman v. Austin, 6/4:5; (UIM, admitted liability, neck/shoulder/head) Trotter v. USAA Casualty Ins., 6/18:4; (rear-end, admitted negligence, whiplash) Cardin v. Hegenbarth, 6/18:4; (intersection auto, low back) Lee v. Gertzen, 7/9:3; (C-section/sterilization/pain) Marshall v. Johnson, 8/13:5; (rear-end, admitted negligence, soft-tissue neck/headaches) Colvin v. Buckman, 9/24:7; (rear-end, admitted negligence, neck/back/shoulder/arm/ankle) Rivas v. Grosse, 11/5:5; (passing rollover trucks) Wolff v. Massa Home Center, 12/3:6; (pedestrian/pickup, pelvis/head/neck/arm) Kelsey v. Coslet, 12/3:6; (truck/auto, admitted liability, lungs/ribs/patella) Oset v. Zentner, 12/17:6

Auto/bicycle: (head/shoulder) Merrill v. McCann, 3/19:6

Auto/pedestrian: (concussion/fractured ankle) Dobson v. Young, 12/24:6

Automatic doors closing: (grocery store patron, neck/shoulder) Anderson v. Albertson's, 9/24:6

Battery: (punch to jaw, back/neck) Moore v. Beye, 10/29:3

Bleach water served to restaurant patron: (admitted negligence, dry mouth/vocal) Fleming v. MacKenzie River Pizza Co., 4/2:5

Camera equipment/widlife films: (ownership following termination of FWP information officer) FWP v. Pryor, 4/9:4

Coffeemaker: (product liability, negligence, CPA, fire insurance subrogation) Hartford Casualty Ins. v. Farmer Bros., 4/30:5

Concession trailer door strike on head: (cervical) Hubbard v. Kapphan (Brian"s Top Notch Concessions), 2/12:3

Contract: (freight hauling/logistics services) Bitterroot International Systems v. Western Star Trucks, 6/11:5

CPA: (subflooring ``squeaking'') Tripp v. Jeld-Wen, 5/14:1

Discrimination: (sex, defense verdict affirmed) Rolison v. Bozeman Deaconess Health Services, 4/23:1; (retaliation but no discrimination) Thorsen v. DLI, 6/11:2

Doctoral student dismissal: Hite v. UM, 3/12:4

Drunk hunting companion struck by truck: (death) Talbott v. Svejkovsky, 6/25:5

Eminent domain: (land taken by City for street) K&R Partnership v. Whitefish, 8/6:3

Fall into hole in city dock: (fractured hip/toe) Jobe v. Polson, 7/9:4

Fall into hole in city dock: (fractured hip/toe) Jobe v. Polson, 7/9:4

FELA: (head-on train collision, occipital neuralgia/PTSD, admitted liability, directed verdict on medical causation) McKown v. BNSF, 3/26:6; (fall from locomotive cab, shoulder/neck/knees, admitted liability) Hohnholt v. BNSF, 9/3:4; (10% slip & fall on ice in locomotive, 90% osteoporosis, high-low agreement) Church v. BNSF, 9/17:7

FMLA: (new trial denied following $632,421 judgment for log home salesman... $93,399 attorney fees) Erickson v. Neville Log Homes (aka Nevilog), 1/29:5

Grandstand damage: (electric co-op liable for damages to grandstand in windstorm, Act of God defense rejected) R.A.C.E. Inc. (Magic City Speedway) v. Yellowstone Valley Electric Co-op, 5/14:6

Horizontal drilling machine: Woodland & Associates v. Vemeer Mfg., 2/5:5

Hotel guest stroke: Wojtowicz v. Qu'Appelle Holdings (Best Western Lupine Inn), 10/15:2

House construction: (lien foreclosure, contract, punitives, attorney fees) Murphy Homes v. Muller, 3/19:4

Insurance: (negligent misrepresentation by retail condo agent as to insurance coverage, 49% negligence by Plaintiffs, Judge concluded that jury computed damage amount rather than Court as instructed, allowed jury's ``net'' to stand, fees/costs to Defendant on claim it prevailed pursuant to condo Declarations) McDermott v. J&S Development, 9/17:6; (UM class action settlement members allowed to reopen wrongful death/survivor claims, course of life damages improperly awarded in survivor action, household services damages properly awarded albeit incorrectly in survivor part of verdict form, $500,000 improperly awarded to non-PR father in wrongful death claim, parents may be awarded consortium damages for death or injury of adult child in certain circumstances, no such circumstances here, $300,000 award vacated, $450,000 to PR for grief/ sorrow/mental anguish affirmed, $2.3 million vacated damages and $156,250 previously paid UM deducted from $3,310,034 verdict for net $1,353,784 plus interest) Hern v. Safeco Ins., 12/3:1

Insurance bad faith: Wade v. State Farm Mutual Auto Ins., 1/22:3; (``T"" intersection auto, severe head/orthopedic) Townsend v. Butler, 2/5:6; Davis v. Progressive Casualty Ins., 5/7:5

Ladder fall: (arm/shoulder/cervical) Donovan v. Goyer, 4/30:5

Legal malpractice: Hansen v. Enright, 2/26:5

Malicious prosecution/abuse of process: (Russell watercolor authentication suit) Seltzer v. Morton, 2/12:2; (punitives review) 5/28:2; (defense verdict in claims against state health/environmental agencies affirmed) Plouffe v. DPHHS, 4/16:1

Medical malpractice: (pulmolologists, asthma steroids/AVN (shoulders/hips replacements) Rookhuizen v. Rollins, 1/29:3; (death, pneumococcal sepsis, asplenic) Estate of Carlson v. Community Medical Center, 3/19:4

Mold in residence from sewer backup: Williams v. Eureka, 10/22:5

Portable basketball stand display tipover: (neck/back) Goss v. Sheels All Sports, 12/3:5

Product liability: (BMW motorcycle helmet, brain) Bennett v. Schuberth Helme, 2/12:5; (subflooring ``squeaking'') Tripp v. Jeld-Wen, 5/14:1; (failed flexible water connector) Farmers Union Mutual Ins. v. Brass Craft Mfg., 6/11:5; (pretrial rulings) 8/27:4

Railroad crossing: (new trial granted following $6,655,200 verdict, road not a ``public highway,"" testimony as to angle at which truck crossed tracks improperly limited, rebuttal expert as to hedonic damages testimony improperly precluded, punitives issues) Dorn v. BNSF, 2/12:4

Ranch sale: Graveyard Ranch v. Bell, 7/16:1

Real estate commission: (failed sale of apartment complex) Dana v. SFC Harvedst Granger Investors LP, 12/3:5

Roof fall: (while delivering roofing materials, fractured ankles) Ellington v. Rocky Mountain Homestead, 6/18:4

Rugs missing from hotel conference room: Rocky Mountain Rug Gallery v. Billings Hotel & Convention Center, 4/30:6

Sexual assault/battery: TEF v. Dasen, 12/17:7

Slip & fall: (show/ice slip & fall), ankle/DVT) Seeley v. Kreitzberg Rentals, 11/12:5

Trademark: (kayaking film infringements occurred prior to state registration, state claim rejected in motions hearing bench ruling, $161,322 judgment satisfied on federal claims remaining after appeal of $2,415,000 verdict) Polar Bear Productions v. Timex, 8/13:6

Trespass: (unknowing) Boyd v. Hartman, 9/10:8

Trailer court management: (unaccounted funds) Klundt (PR of Estate of Alice Klundt) v. Hoke, 9/10:6

Water slide ``push:"(neck/mild traumatic brain) Cozzens v. Fun-N-Sun, 3/5:7

Wrongful discharge: (bakery employee ``grazing,'' attorney fees) Johnson v. Costco Wholesale, 1/15:5; (coffee route salesman) Oleson v. Farmer Bros., 3/19:7; (fiber optics mechanic) Burchett v. MasTec North America, 4/23:5; (auto dealer finance/insurance manager) Mayer v. Billings Nissan, 4/23:5; (club housekeeping supervisor) Arnold v. Yellowstone Mountain Club, 11/26:8; (electric co-op GM) McConkey v. Flathead Electric Co-op, 12/24:2; (constructive discharge/age discrimination, VA radiologist) Weber v. VA, 12/24:6


Water

Appropriation: (1999 applications too deficient to secure priority date, 2000 amendments were new applications barred by subbasin closure) Bitterroot River Protective Association v. Siebel, 3/12:1


Workers' Compensation

Asbestosis: (claim barred by statute of repose... further constitutional challenge denied) Dickerman v. Transportation Ins., 4/16:8; (mediation, statute of limitation, judicial estoppel, latency/last injurious exposure defenses rejected on dismissal/summary judgment motions) Fleming v. International Paper, 7/16:7; (claim barred by 1995 1-year claim-filing statute) Fleming v. International Paper, 7/16:8

Attorney fees: (supervisory control of common fund disclosure ruling denied) State Fund v. McCarter, 1/8:2; (fee allocation, quadriplegic) Bustell v. AIG Claims Service, 5/7:6; (common fund global attorney fees) Schmill v. Liberty Northwest Ins., 6/11:1; (all legal rulings in PPD age limitations common-fund case apply to all insurers whether or not they have raised the issues) Reesor v. State Fund, 7/30:5; (private AG doctrine) Thompson v. State, 10/22:7

Benefits calculation: (Petitioner exercised reasonable diligence in seeking recalculation of benefits) Lawrence v. UEF, 12/24:8

Causation: (osteoarthritis progressing from toes to other parts of body compensable under toe claim if also related to occupational exposure) Redmond v. State Fund, 4/23:6; (back problems likely result of new injuries after first injury resolved, no additional benefits) Strom v. MMIA, 7/30:5; (claimant quit due to conflict with employer, not pain from prior job injuries, no TTD) Choi v. Costco Wholesale, 8/6:6; (Claimant suffered meniscus tear in unwitnessed incident as alleged) Briese v. ACE American Ins., 8/20:6; (claimant not injured by hepatitis B vaccinations) Bain v. Liberty Mutual Fire Ins., 12/3:2

Costs: (objected to costs require documentation) Van Vleet v. MACO Workers" Compensation Trust, 3/5:8; (costs following remand, signature of attorney self-verifying, appellate mediation costs not recoverable, copy/phone costs reasonable) Preston v. Transportation Ins., 8/13:8

Emergency trial: (denied for lack of specificity and on merits) Peterson v. MSGIA, 6/18:6

Employability: (insurer failed to produce employability evidence in light of both OD and other conditions, while Claimant provided testimony/medical records that she cannot work at identified jobs, entitled to PTD) Weisgerber v. American Home Assurance, 2/19:6

Employer/contractor: (disabled person's caregiver) Feather v. UEF, 4/2:8; (exotic dancers, WCC jurisdiction over contractor disputes in wage claims) TYAD (Playground Lounge & Casino) v. ICCU, 4/16:7; 8/13:8; (dogsled race operator was independent contractor) Korman Marketing Group v. ICCU, 5/14:7; (roofer was employee) UEF/Cousins v. Poynor, 5/14:8; (temporary fence worker not casual employee of ranch operated with profit motive) Colmore v. UEF, 10/1:1

Employer notice: Purkey v. AIG, 1/22:4

Employment preference: (statute of limitations) Lanz v. Liberty Northwest Ins., 4/16:8; (original preference petition erroneously named insurer rather than employer, amended petition naming employer does not relate back, time-barred) Lanz v. Liberty Northwest Ins., 8/13:7

Exclusivity: (Sherner standard not met in log conveyor injury) Powell v. Stillwater Forest Products, 5/14:4

Filing time: (Claimant suffering from OD caused by exposure to grain dust & hay 91-98, claim not time-barred as he did not know until recently that he had pathological condition) Mack v. State Fund, 8/20:5; (no showing that claimant aware that shoulder condition work related more than 1 year prior to claim, agreement to pay under reservation of rights superceded original denial, 2-year petition period not triggered until 2nd denial following investigation) State Fund v. Liberty Northwest Ins., 8/20:5

Hearing aids: (would be compensable ``medical service'' under 1983 ODA, but claim barred by 3-year statute of repose) Stewart v. ARCO, 4/16:8

Impairment: (PTD claimants injured 7/87-7/87-6/91 not entitled to impairment award) Rausch v. State Fund, 6/11:1

IME: (out-of-state exam denied) Kruzich v. Old Republic Ins., 3/19:7; (out-of-state exam denied, guidelines for requesting out-of-state exams) Mack v. State Fund, 5/21:8

Insurer-provider private communications: (SB 450 unconstitutionally violates Petitioners' privacy/due process rights) Thompson v. State, 10/22:7

Insurer's duty to investigate: (insurer's failure to adequately investigate aggravation claim may have triggered timely notice, but issue not raised in pretrial order) Purkey v. AIG, 1/22:4

Lump sum: (PTD) Miller v. Sears, 12/17:7

Managed care statutes: (no standing to challenge) Robinson v. State Fund, 7/9:5

Mediation: (no jurisdiction over petition for benefits since mediation not completed, no jurisdiction to consider statute of limitations defense, dismissed without prejudice to refiling after mediation completed, dismissal rather than abeyance for all future such petitions) Kutzler v. State Fund, 2/5:8; (PTD separate from TTD, mediation required) Peterson v. MSGIA, 6/18:6

Medical necessity: (handicap van) Simms v. State Fund, 7/16:2; (occipital nerve stimulator) Sherwood v. Watkins & Shepard Trucking, 9/3:6

Negligent policy cancellation: (dispute belongs in district court) MMN Cattle Co. v. UEF, 1/29:6

Occupational disease: (Schmill I retroactive to all cases not final/settled, common fund global attorney fees) Schmill v. Liberty Northwest Ins., 6/11:1; (OD 2-year limitations period begins to run only after panel evaluation/report and denial of liability, petition timely) Kessel v. Liberty Northwest Ins., 8/13:7; (Claimant suffering from OD caused by exposure to grain dust & hay 91-98, claim not time-barred as he did not know until recently that he had pathological condition) Mack v. State Fund, 8/20:5

Penalty: (denied) Briese v. ACE American Ins., 8/20:6

Prisoner benefits: (lifer's claim for post-release benefits speculative and premature, no entitlement to TTD since claimant received no wages for community service) Quigg v. State Fund, 1/22:5; (denied, value of settlement offer not established) Miller v. Sears, 12/17:7

Procedure: (summary judgment denied for failure to set forth facts serially and with citations) Burke v. State Fund, 1/15:6; (Petitioner given opportunity to provide summary judgment opposition affidavit) Searer v. State Fund, 2/12:6; (motion for leave to file reply brief denied, second motion for reconsideration denied) Fleming v. International Paper, 12/31:6

Rehab: (further rehab benefits denied following inability to obtain flying job from first plan) Lion v. State Fund, 3/12:6

Reopen: (whether disputed liability settlement can be reopened based on false report by employer as to notice requires further briefing) Frazer v. State Fund, 6/11:6; (reopen due to alleged mistake as to employer notice time-barred, no fraud, duress, undue influence) Frazer v. State Fund, 7/30:5

Retirement: (voluntarily retired asbestosis claimant not entitled to indemnity benefits) Fellenberg v. Transportation Ins., 4/16:1; (PTD not converted to PPD at age retirement) Otteson v. State Fund, 8/20:2; (§39-71-710 constitutional as to PTD, Reesor rationale for PPD equal protection violation distinguished, no impermissible delegation of legislative power to key PTD retirement age to SS Retirement) Satterlee v. Lumberman's Mutual Casualty, 12/17:9

Retroactivity: (IC exemption decision applied retroactively) Mathews v. Liberty Northwest Ins., 6/4:6

Settlement: (Claimant agreed to binding oral settlement agreement during settlement conference) McElderry v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins., 5/21:7; (reopen denied, changed diagnostic label immaterial) Hansen v. Liberty Northwest, 5/21:7; (adjuster's agreement to pay benefits does not constitute settlement agreement) Ryckman v. ASARCO, 9/3:6

SS offset: (challenges rejected) Siaperas v. State Fund, 6/25:6

Subrogation: (Montana ``made whole'' law bars Michigan comp subrogation claim against Montana tort award for catastrophic head injury) Oberson (for Musselman) v. Federated Mutual Ins., 12/24:1

Subsequent insurer: (liable for OD) State Fund v. Murray, 4/23:1; (post-job insurer not liable for job OD, summary judgment despite no cross-motion... no fees for insurer seeking indemnification from another insurer) Travelers Property & Casualty v. Royal Ins., 4/30:6

TTD-PTD conversion: (insurer properly converted TTD to PTD, but in any event Claimant's return to work terminated any further TTD) Purkey v. AIG, 1/22:4

Uninsured employer: (UEF estopped from imposing penalty on employer since it failed to order PEO to cease business or notify employer of insurance lapse) MP Livestock Trust/Polzin Trucking v. UEF, 2/12:6; (leasing company liable for UEF penalties against clients) Johnson Bros. Contracting v. Human Dynamics Corp., 3/12:3; (appeal time from UEF begins when ``determination'' dated, not mailed) Flynn v. UEF, 11/5:2

Wage loss: (claimant who chose part-time work) Kobe v. State Fund, 7/16:8; (vocational expert's opinion not conclusive as to wage loss) Ryckman v. ASARCO, 9/3:6

Wages: (correction of UEF pay periods error barred by Claimant's failure to appeal even though employer appealed casual employment issue) Colmore v. UEF, 10/1:1


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